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时间:2020-03-13
《土木专业英语课件Lesson.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Lesson3Newwords1.col`loidal胶状的,胶体的,`colloid胶体2.sieven,v.筛,过筛,过滤3.samplen.vt.样品,取样specimen4.meshn.v网孔,网格,分网格5.`cumulativea.积累的;cumulate,cumulation6.gradingn.级配,等级;grade7.sedimentationn.沉淀;sediment8.suspensionn.悬浮;suspend~bridgecable-stayedbridge9.agitatev.搅动,混合;disturb10.hydr
2、ometern.(液体)比重计11.viscosityn.黏性;viscoidal12.flakyn.薄片状的,offlake13.pipetten.吸液管14.irrecoverablea.不可恢复的irretrievable15.concavea.凹的;convex凸的16.permeabilityn.渗透性;permeate,permeableseepseepagePhrasesandexpressions1.frostsusceptibility霜冻敏感性2.sievingmethod筛分法3.semi-logarithmiccurve
3、半对数曲线4.gradingcurve级配曲线5.wetsieving湿法筛分6.dispersingagent分散剂7.Stoke’slaw斯托克定律8.unitweight重度9.coefficientofgrading级配系数10.sedimentationmethod沉降法11.particle-sizedistribution粒径分布TextParticleSizeAnalysis粒径分析Therangeofparticlesizesencounteredinsoilsisverywide:fromaround200mmdowntot
4、hecolloidalsizeofsomeclaysoflessthan0.001mm.在各种土中所遇到的粒径范围很大,大到200mm小到小于0.001mm的一些粘土胶粒。Althoughnaturalsoilsaremixturesofvarious-sizedparticles,itiscommontofindapredominanceoccurringwithinarelativelynarrowbandofsizes.尽管天然土都是由各种粒径的颗粒组成,但通常可发现其主要组成颗粒出现在一个比较小的粒径范围内。Whenthewidthof
5、thissizebandisverynarrowthesoilwillbetermedpoorly-graded,ifitiswidethesoilissaidtobewell-graded.当这一粒径范围非常小时,称这种土级配较差,而当其较大时,称这种土级配良好。Anumberofengineeringproperties,e.g.permeability,frostsusceptibility,compressibility,arerelateddirectlyorindirectlytoparticle-sizecharacteristi
6、cs.土的许多工程特性,如渗透性、霜冻敏感性、可压缩性等都直接或间接的与土的级配特性有关。Fig.3.1showstheBritishStandardrangeofpercentageofparticlesizes.图3.1为粒径百分数的英国标准范围。Theparticle-sizeanalysisofasoiliscarriedoutbydeterminingtheweightpercentagefallingwithinbandsofsizerepresentedbythesedivisionsandsub-divisions.通过确定落入
7、由这些粒径分组和子组所代表的粒径范围的重量百分比,对土进行粒径分析。Inthecaseofacoarsesoil,fromwhichfine-grainedparticleshavebeenremovedorwereabsent,theusualprocessisasieveanalysis.对于粗粒土,它里面的细粒土被除去或本身就无细颗粒,常用的方法就是筛分法。Arepresentativesampleofthesoilissplitsystematicallydowntoaconvenientsub-samplesizeandthenove
8、n-dried.此法是将要分析土的一代表样本系统地分为方便的子样本,然后烘干。Thissampleisthenpassedthroughanestof
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