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1、HigherVocationalEnglishUnit3:SportsBackgroundReferencesAncientOlympicGamesTheOlympicGamesbeganatOlympiainGreecein776BC.ThegameswerestagedinthewoodedvalleyofOlympiainElis.HeretheGreekserectedstatuesandbuilttemplesinagrovededicatedtoZeus,supremeamongthegods.Thegreatest
2、shrinewasanivoryandgoldstatueofZeus.CreatedbythesculptorPhidias,itwasconsideredoneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorld.AccordingtoHippiasofElis,whocompiledalistofOlympicvictorsc.400BC,atfirsttheonlyOlympiceventwasa200-yarddash.Thiswastheonlyeventuntil724BC.In708thepentathlonw
3、asadded.BackgroundReferencesAncientOlympicGamesThispentathlon,afive-eventmatchconsistedofrunning,wrestling,leaping,throwingthediscus,andhurlingthejavelin.Intimeboxing,achariotrace,andothereventswereincluded.TheancientGreekswerehighlycompetitiveandbelievedstronglyinth
4、econceptof"competition"or"contest".TheultimateGreekgoalwastobethebest.Allaspectsoflife,especiallyathletics,werecenteredaroundthisconcept.ItwasthereforeconsideredoneofthegreatesthonorstowinavictoryatOlympia.Theathletescompetedforhonor,notformaterialgoods.Thevictorsoft
5、heseearlygameswerecrownedwithwreathsfromasacredolivetreethatgrewbehindthetempleofZeus.Theymarchedaroundthegrovetotheaccompanimentofaflutewhileadmirerschantedsongswrittenbyaprominentpoet.BackgroundReferencesAncientOlympicGamesAthleticswereofprimeimportancetotheGreeks.
6、Theeducationofboysconcentratedonathleticsandmusicaswellasacademicsubjectssuchasphilosophy.Educationtookplaceinthegymnasionandthepalaistraaswellastheacademy.TheGameswereheldeveryfouryearsfrom776BCto393AD,whentheywereabolishedbytheRomanEmperor.TheancientOlympicGameslas
7、tedfor1170years.Itwasnotuntil1896thatthefirstOlympicsofmoderntimeswereheldinAthens.TheOlympicshavebecometheworld'smostimportantathleticeventsandasymboloffriendshipofallthepeopleoftheworld.BackgroundReferencesOriginofBasketballBasketball.Theworld'sgreatestsportever.Bu
8、tofcourse,ithasn'tbeenaroundsincetheworldbegan.No,somebodyhadtohaveinventedit.AndthatsomebodywouldbeJamesNaismith.BorninAlmonte,Ont
