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1、定语从句基础讲解什么是定语从句呢？修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。结构：先行词+关系词+句子Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.先行词关系词定语从句关系词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why关系词先行词所指关系词在从句中成分关系代词that人/物主、宾which物主、宾who人主、宾whom人宾whose人/物定关系副词when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethatisred.
2、修饰先行词anapple主语主语关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。Ilikesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.Ilikesomefriendswholikesports.修饰先行词friends主语主语/that关系词who/that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。Ilikethemusic.Icandancetothemusic.IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.宾语宾语关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。Ilikethegirl.Youaretalkingtothegirl.Ilikethegirlwho
3、(m)youaretalkingto.宾语宾语/that关系词who/that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。◆that引导的定语从句that引导定语从句时,既可以指人,也可以指物,在从句中可以作主语或宾语。他是一个有三个妹妹的人。Heisaperson__________threesisters.(person是_______,that在从句中作_____)thathas先行词主语Thecat__________________yesterdayisill.(_____是先行词,that在从句中作_____)thatIboughtcat宾语◆which引导的定语从句whic
4、h引导定语从句时,只能指物,在从句中可以作主语或宾语。我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。Iwanttotakeawaythebook_______you______________yesterday.(_____是先行词,which在从句中作_____)whichshowedme宾语book◆关系词只能用that的情况:a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which。例如:这是我看过的最有趣的电影。Itis__________________________Ihaveeverseen.(_____是先行词,tha
5、t在从句中作_____)themostinterestingthat宾语moviemovieb.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which。例如:在这个商店里，有没有你想要买的东西？Isthere____________youwanttobuyintheshop?(________是先行词,that在从句中作_____)anythingthatanything宾语c.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,little,few
6、等词修饰时,只能用that。例如:这辆自行车和我丢失的那一辆是一样的。Thisisthe_______________Ilost.(_____是先行词,that在从句中作_____)bikesamebikethat宾语d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that,而不用which。例如:我能记得我在这个房间里看到过的人和一些画。Icanrememberthe_______andsome______________I____intheroom.(__________________________是先行词,that在从句中作_____)personspicturessawth
7、atthepersonsandsomepictures宾语e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that。例如:那个在哭泣的女孩是谁？_____isthegirl____is________?(_____是先行词,that在从句中作_____)主语Whogirlcryingthat◆who引导的定语从句who引导定语从句时只能指人,在从句中可以作主语或宾语。在你有困难时帮助你的朋友才是真正的朋友。Afriend__________youwhenyou____________isarealfri
