高考英语语法复习-定语从句

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1、定语从句一概念:　*定语从句-----在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语)HarryPorterisaboy（whohasmagicpower.）*定语从句的结构------引导词+从句的其他成分（使用陈述语序）*先行词-----定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。*关系词（定语从句的引导词）-------1.关系代词（在从句中做主语或宾语，有whowhomwhichthat）2.关系副词（在从句中做状语，有whenwherewhy）*★★★限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法主语宾语定语人who、thatwhom、who、thatwhose=ofwho

2、m物Which、thatwhich、thatwhose=ofwhich注：1.限制性定语从句中关系代词的省略关系代词做动词的宾语，可省略。作介词的宾语，且介宾远离可省略。作介词的宾语，且介宾紧挨不可省略。2.在非限制性定语从句中，一不可省略宾语（关系代词）二不用that.*★★★限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法关系副词先行词在从句中所做的成分When=at/in/onwhich表时间的名词时间状语Where=in/atwhich表地点的名词特stage、case、point、situation地点状语Why=forwhich表原因的词语reason原因状语

3、二．定语从句的由来★★★关系代词实际上是先行词的复指★★★关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格★★★关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词1.先行词为人，关系代词在定语从句中做主语。Ihelpedanoldman.Theoldmanlosthisway.24ByCuiXialingIhelpedanoldmanwho/thatlosthisway.Ihelpedanoldman,wholosthisway.2.先行词为人，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语。Theboyismyfriend.Youmethimjustnow/Theboy(whom/who/that)yo

4、umetjustnowismyfriend.Theboy,whom/whoyoumetjustnowismyfriend3.先行词为物，关系代词在定语从句中做主语。Footballisagame.Thegameislikedbymostboys.Footballisagamewhich/thatislikedbymostboys.Footballisagame,whichislikedbymostboys.4.先行词为物，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语。Icannotfindthebook..Iboughtabookyesterday.Icannotfind

5、thebook.(which/that)Iboughtyesterday.Icannotfindthebook,whichIboughtyesterday.5.先行词为人，关系代词在定语从句中做定语Iknowaboy.Hismaneisjack.=Iknowaboy.ThenameofhimisjackIknowaboywhosenameisjack.=Iknowaboy,thenameofwhomisjack.=Iknowaboy,ofwhomthenameisjack.6.先行词为物，关系代词在定语从句中做定语Ioncelivedinahouse.T

6、hehouse’sroofhasfallen。=theroofofthehousehasfallen.Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallen.=Ioncelivedinahouse,theroofofwhichhasfallen.7.whenThetimefinallycame.Duringthistimewegottogether.Thetime(duringwhichgottogether)finallycame.Thetime(whenwegottogether)finallycame.8.whereThehous

7、ehasbeenputdown.Ilivedinthehouse.Thehouse(inwhichIlivedtenyearsago)hasbeenputdown.Thehouse(whereIlivedtenyearsago)hasbeenputdown.9.whyPleasetellmethereason.Forthatreasonyoumissedthetrain.Pleasetellmethereason(forwhichyoumissedthetrain)24ByCuiXialingPleasetellmethereason(whyyoumis

8、sedthetrain)三定语从句的一般用法*★★★如何选用定语从句的关系词•1