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1、高考英语特级教师程中一第一章、定语从句(任何从句都是陈述句型)1、限制性定语从句分类表关系词及其在从句中的作用关系词(主从句联系)起名词作用(作主语、宾语、表语)起形容词作用(作定语)起副词作用(作状语)限定性定语从句(修饰主句的某个词)that*which*who*whose*whom*as*when*where*why*非限制性定语从句分类表关系词及其在从句中的作用关系词起名词作用(作主语、宾语、表语)起形容词作用(作定语)起副词作用(作状语)非限定性定语从句(修饰主句的某个词或短语、句子)which*who*w
2、hom*whose*as*when*where*介词+which**2、关系词作用:(1)联接主、从句(2)充当从句中缺少的某一成分:缺少主宾表时用that,which,who,whom,as缺定语用:whose,缺状语用when,where,why*MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanShewastotheothers,____,ofcoursemadetheothersupset.(北京)A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that*Theprizewillgotothewriter____
3、__storyshowsthemostimagiration.(全国)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.why3、考点归纳(何时用thatwhich)(1)先行词是不定代词或有不定代词修饰限制时,引导词只能用that(2)先行词有序数词修饰限制时,引导词上只能用that,(3)先行词有形容词最高级修饰:that(4)先行词有副词最高级修饰:that(5)先行词由物和人共同组成:that(6)主句以which,who,what开头的特殊疑问句:that(7)引导词前有介词或介词短语提前时,引导词用which
4、(指物),whom(指人)(8)非限制性定语从句不用*Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof_______usesitsomewhatdifferent(浙江)A.whichB.whatC.themD.those*JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof______shespokefluently.(湖南)A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that4、易错点1)误:Tomdidnotpassth
5、eexam,asmadehismotherveryangry.正:Tomdidnotpasstheexam,whichmadehismotherveryangry.解析:1)as和which指整个主句的内容,引导非限制性定语从句有时可以通用.2)as引导的定语从句可位于句首、句中、句末,which只位于句末。3)as从句常与know,see,report,say,expect,announce连用,表达“正象….一样”含义。Which从句与主语为并列关系或结果关系,which在从句中作实义动词的主语。2)Thisis
6、theschoolthat(误)/where(正)Mr.Chengworks.解析:先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的名词,则关系词在从句中作状语时用副词,作主语宾语时用代词。*TedcameforweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,_____isastupidthingtodoinsuckweather(全国II)。A.thisB.thatC.whatD.whichB,C,A,C,D*Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses____ar
7、ebuiltclosetoeachother.(山东)A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that3)Haveyoueverhadacasethat(误)/where(正)someoneaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestick?解析:case,situation,position,stage,point,activity意为“情况”,有地点含议,其定语从句的关系词作状语,用where*Thedaysaregone_____physicalstren
8、gthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.(天津)A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which*Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,____weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.(陕西)A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that5、考点归