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1、非谓语动词作状语高考对非谓语动词作状语的考查多与对动词其他形式的考查同时进行主要包括以下几个方面的内容: 1.不定式作状语; 2.-ing分词作状语; 3.-ed分词作状语。1.不定式作状语 ①不定式作状语常用来表目的、结果或原因等。 例如:Weeattolive,butwedon'tlivetoeat.(目的) Hearrivedtheairportonlytofindtheplanehadleft.?(结果) Heburstintotearstohearthebadnews.(原因) 注:表目的的不定式还常与soas或inord
2、er连用,构成soas(not)todo和inorder(not)todo结构,其中soas(not)todo不能用于句首。 例如:Togetthereintime,wegotupveryearly. =Inordertogetthereintime,wegotupveryearly. =Wegotupveryearly(inorder/soas)togetthereintime. ②不定式可用于作表语或补语的形容词之后作状语。 例如:I'msorrytohearthat. Becarefulnottocatchcold.
3、 Themaniseasytogetalongwith. Idon'tthinkthemanhardtogetalongwith. ③不定式常与too或enough连用,在句中作状语。 例如:Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool/tobesenttoschool. =Theboyisnotoldenoughtogotoschool/tobesenttoschool. ④不定式有时用于so...astodosth.结构中作状语。 例如:Willyoubesokindastohelpm
4、ewiththework?⑤有时,不定式还可修饰一个句子,表明说话人的态度。常见的这类不定式有totellyouthetruth,tobehonest,tobefranc,tobefair,等。 例如:Totellyouthetruth,Idon'tlikethefilm.2.-ing分词和-ed分词作状语-ing分词和-ed分词作状语修饰谓语,多说明动作发生的背景、方式或伴随情况。如果在逻辑上句中的主语与分词有主谓关系,用-ing分词,有动宾关系则用-ed分词。例如:Weenjoyedourselvesinthepark,singingandd
5、ancing. Builtin1900,thehouseisnow100yearsold.1)-ing分词和-ed分词都可作原因,其作用相当于一个相应的状语从句。如果在逻辑上句中的主语与分词有主谓关系,用-ing分词,有动宾关系则用-ed分词。 例如:Beingsopoorinthosedays,theycouldn'tsendtheboytoschool.(原因) Borninapoorfamily,theboycouldnotgotoschool.(原因)2)时间状语Hearingthebadnews,sheburstintotears.Ha
6、vingbrokenthelaw,hewasputintoprison.Havingbeenpraised,hefelthappy.Beingrepaired,themachinecan’tbeusednow. Seenfromthehill,theparklooksmorebeautiful.3).-ing分词有时可作结果状语。 例如:Herhusbanddiedinthewar,leavingherawidowwiththreechildren. Wegotupveryearly,arrivingatthehospitalahead
7、oftime.4.)条件状语,其作用相当于一个条件状语从句。 例如:Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.Keepingtrying,youwillsucceed.Turningaroundatthesecondcrossing,youwillseetheshop.5)让步状语Beingpoor,theoldmanledahappylifeHavingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillmadethesamemistake.Repairedyesterday,themachinecan’
8、tworkwell.6)伴随状语Hefinishedhiswork,handedthenotebookand