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1、WashingtonIrvingTheSketchBookAmericanRomanticismItstretchesfromtheendofthe18thcenturytotheoutbreakoftheCivilWar.startedwiththepublicationofWashingtonIrving'sTheSketchBookendedwithWhitman'sLeavesofGrass.BackgroundsofAmericanRomanticismA.RomanticMovementinE
2、nglandandEuropeprovedtobeadecisiveinfluence;B.ManyEnglishandEuropeanmastersofpoetryandprosemadestimulatingimpactonAmericanRomanticism.1).WalterScott:Waverlynovels,TheLadyoftheLake2).Byron:Orientalromances3).Gothictradition,thecultofsolitudeandofgloomRoman
3、ticismassociatedwithimaginationandboundlessness,ascontrastedwithclassicism,whichiscommonlyassociatedwithreasonandrestriction.Themostprofoundandcomprehensiveideaofromanticismisthevisionofagreaterpersonalfreedomfortheindividual.RomanticismA.amovementinliter
4、ature,philosophy,musicandartwhichdevelopedinEuropeinthelate18thandearly19thcenturies;B.ItemphasizedindividualvaluesandaspirationsabovethoseofsocietyasareactiontotheIndustrialRevolution;C.ItlookedtotheMiddleAgesandtodirectcontactwithnatureforinspiration;D.
5、Itgaveimpetustothenationalliberationmovementin19th-centuryEurope.AmericanRomanticism1.Time:thepublicationofWashingtonIrving'sTheSketchBook（1819）andendedwithWhitman'sLeavesofGrass（1855）;2.Itwasarebellionagainsttheobjectivityofrationalism.Forromantics,thefe
6、elings,intuitionsandemotionsweremoreimportantthanreasonandcommonsense;3.Thewritersemphasizedindividualism,placingtheindividualagainstthegroup.Theyaffirmedtheinnerlifeoftheself,andcherishedstronginterestinthepast,thewild,theremote,themysteriousandthestrang
7、e.AmericanRomanticism4.thewritersstressedtheelementof“Amerianness”intheirworks;5.BeingaperiodofthegreatfloweringofAmericanliterature,itisalsocalledtheAmericanRenaissance;6.AmericanRomanticismis,inacertainway,derivative.AmericanRomanticismA.Romanticismcele
8、bratesthetriumphoffeelingandintuitionoverreason.Itissuspiciousoftherationalistexplanationsoftheuniverseandhumannaturebytheenlightenmentwriters.B.Sincetheyplacedahighervalueonthefreeexpressionofemotionandonthepowerof
