病毒感染与免疫 英文 Viral infection and immunity.ppt

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1、ViralinfectionandimmunityOutlineSectionIViralpathogenesisTransmissionroutesFormsofviralinfectionsPathogenesisofviralinfectionsSectionIIAntiviralimmunityI.InnateimmunityII.SpecificimmunitySection1ViralpathogenesisI.TransmissionroutesTherouteofviralinfect

2、ionA.HorizontaltransmissionB.VerticaltransmissionA.HorizontaltransmissionRespiratorytractAlimentarycanalSkinandmucousmembraneGenitaltractBlood:Injection,transfusion,transplantationArthropod-bornecivetcatB.VerticalTransmissionThroughplacentacongenitalinfect

3、ions,congenitaldeformityThroughbirthcanalinfectionofnewbornVerticalTransmissionTheviruseswhichcanresultincongenitalinfections：rubellaviruscytomegalovirus(CMV)herpessimplexvirus(HSV)hepatitisBvirus(HBV)humanimmunodeficiencyvirus(HIV)III.VirusSpreadintheHost

4、LocalReplicationandLocalSpreadDisseminationfromthePortalofEntryMultiplicationinTargetOrgansA.LocalReplication&LocalSpreadB.DisseminationfromthePortalofEntryDisseminationthroughBloodstreamViremiaDisseminationthroughNervesThroughBloodstreame.g.PoliovirusMeas

5、lesvirusMumpsvirusThroughNervese.g.RabiesvirusHerpesvirusPoliovirusII.FormsofviralinfectionsAcuteviralinfectionPersistentviralinfectionTypesofViralInfectionChronicinfectionLatentinfectionSlowinfectionNaturalhistoryofacuteandpersistenthumaninfections.A.Chro

6、nicinfectionContinuedpresenceofinfectiousvirusfollowingtheprimaryinfectionandmayincludechronicorrecurrentdisease.Viruscanbecontinuouslydetected.HBV,ect.B.Latentinfectionvirusisusuallynotdetectablebutpatientmayhaveperiodicout-breaksofdisease.characterizedby

7、thelackofdemonstrableinfectiousvirusbetweenepisodesofrecurrentdiseaseHSV-1intrigeminalganglionHSV-2inlumbarandsacralgangliaLatencyandrecurrenceinherpessimplexvirusinfectionsColdsorescausedbyherpesvirustype1RecurrenceofLatentvirusinfectionsShinglescausedbyv

8、aricella-zostervirusRecurrenceofLatentvirusinfectionsC.Slowvirusinfectioncharacterizedbyalongpreclinicalperiodextendingformonthsoryearsfromthetimeofexposuresubacuteprogressivecausedby：Lentivirus(HIV)unconvent