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1、替代省略插入语一,替代替代是指为了避免重复,用相应的词替代上文中出现的某个单词或词组,这种现象叫替代。that/one/it;do/does/did;so;notthat,one,it等替代上文中的名词that指上文出现过的不可数名词单数或可数名词,特指,表示“the+n.”,其复数为those.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthan_______ofGermany.Thebookonthedeskiseasierthan_______ontheshelf.Thestudentsinthisclassworkharder
2、than______inthatclass.thatthatthoseone用来代替上文出现过的单数可数名词,表示泛指,复数为ones.可用“an/a+n.表示.Astonebridgeisusuallystrongerthan_____madeofwood.it用来代指具体的,特定的上文提及的东西,与上文是同名同物Iboughtapenyesterday,butIlost_____afterwards.oneitdo替代上文中出现过的动词(词组)Ahorserunsfasterthanacowdoes.(runs)Thisstudentstud
3、iesharderthanthatonedoes.(studies)----Didyoureadthisnovel?----Yes,Idid.(readthisnovel)so代替上文出现过的内容用作下列动词的宾语,代替一个宾语从句:Ithink,believe,suppose,imagine,guess,expect,hope及I’mafraidso等.---Doyouthinkshewillcome?---Ithinkso.(Ithinkshe’llcome.)so+do,does,did/can等/系v.+sb./sth.表示某人或某事也是
4、如此。---It’sfinetoday.---____________yesterday.so+sb./sth.+do,does,did/can等/系v.表示某人或某事确实如此。---Youarelateagain---___________.SowasitSoIamIthink/believe/suppose/imagine/guess/I’mafraid/expect/hopenot代替一个否定的宾语从句。---Issheright?---Ithinknot/Idon’tthinkso.---Willitraintomorrow?---Iho
5、penot.注意点(1)think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect,guess后的否定词not,简略问答有两种:Ithinknot或Idon’tthinkso..我认为不这样.(2)Ihopenot(否),Ihopeso(肯)√Idon’thopeso.×(3)I’mafraidnot.√I’mnotafraidso.ⅹ二、插入语常插入一些单词,短语或句子,用来补充某些含义,语法上称它们为“插入语”.它起到解释说明的作用,如果去掉,对句子本身影响不大.然而有些插入语是不可去掉的,比如:forexample,inoth
6、erwords等.单词(多是副词)单词作插入语位置比较灵活,可位于句末,句中,句首.常见的有though,however,therefore,personally,luckily,obviously,consequently,fortunately等,常用逗号与句子分开.Ihadthoughthecouldn’tcome.Hecame,though.Personally,Ithinkhe’stooselfish.Hermotherwasseriouslyill.Consequently,sheleftschool短语现在分词短语,不定式短语,介词
7、短语都可作插入语,起到补充说明的意思,常见的插入语短语有:forexample/bytheway/generallyspeakingtobefrank/believeitornot/onthecontrary句子doyouthink/believe/suppose,doyouknow,Ibelieve,what’smore,let’ssay,thatistosay多位于句末,也可位于句中.AsfarasIknow,Heisveryclever.据我所知,他很聪明.Whodoyouthinkwillgothere?你认为谁会去那儿?注意点插入语do
8、youthink/believe/suppose/know用于特殊疑问句中时,其语序是:疑问词+doyouthink+主+谓?Whatd