资源描述：
《美国文学史复习整理.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、AmericanliteratureHistory1607---1775ColonialPeriod1775---1865theEarlyNationalPeriod1828---1865RomanticPeriodinAmerican1865---1914RealisticPeriod1914---1939ModernLiterature1939---ContemporaryPeriodChapter1ColonialAmerica(1607---1775)ThefirstpermanentEnglishsettl
2、ementinNorthAmericawasestablishedatJamestown,Virginiain1607.Itenduredstarvation,brutality,andmisrule.However,theliteratureoftheperiodpaintsAmericainglowingcolorsasthelandofrichesandopportunity.AmongthemembersofthesmallbandofJamestownsettlerswasCaptainJohnSmith,
3、anEnglishsoldieroffortune.Hisreportsofexploration,publishedintheearly1600s,havebeendescribedasthefirstdistinctAmericanliteraturewritteninEnglish.Mayflower,1620,broughtthePilgrimsfromEnglandtoNewEngland.ChristopherJonesPlymouthBeforelanding,anagreementforthetemp
4、orarygovernmentofthecolonybythewillofthemajoritywasdrawnupinthefamousMayflowerCompact.Harvard,thefirstcollegeinthecolonies,wasfoundednearBostonin1636inordertotrainnewPuritanministers.ThefirstprintingpressinAmericawasstartedtherein1638,andAmerica’sfirstnewspaper
5、,TheBostonNewsletter,appearedin1704.Theydidnotdrawlinesofdistinctionbetweenthesecularandreligiousspheres:Alloflifewasanexpressionofthedivinewill----abeliefthatlaterresurfacesinTranscendentalism.CaptainJohnSmithWilliamBradfordJohnWinthropCottonMatherAnneBradstre
6、etEdwardTaylorAmericanPuritanism•Theystressedpredestination,originalsin,totaldepravity,andlimitedatonementfromGod’sgrace.•TheywenttoAmericatoprovethattheywereGod’schosenpeoplewhowouldenjoyGod’sblessingsonearthandinHeaven.•Finally,theybuiltawayoflifethatstressed
7、hardwork,thrift,piety,andsobriety.•Bothdoctrinaireandanopportunist.LiteraryInfluence:•AmericanLiteratureisbasedonamyth------theBiblicalmythoftheGardenofEden.•TheAmericanPuritan’smetaphoricalmadeofperception----symbolism.Chapter2Edwards·Franklin·Crevecoeur•Jonat
8、hanEdwardsandBenjaminFranklinsharedthe18thcenturybetweenthem.•TheyembodiedPuritannaïveidealismandcrudematerialism.•Deism•Theywerenotinterestedintheologybutinmansownnature.Jo
