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1、AmericanliteratureHistory1607---1775ColonialPeriod1775---1865theEarlyNationalPeriod1828---1865RomanticPeriodinAmerican1865---1914RealisticPeriod1914---1939ModernLiterature1939---ContemporaryPeriodChapter1ColonialAmerica(1607---1775)ThefirstpermanentEnglis
2、hsettlementinNorthAmericawasestablishedatJamestown,Virginiain1607.Itenduredstarvation,brutality,andmisrule.However,theliteratureoftheperiodpaintsAmericainglowingcolorsasthelandofrichesandopportunity.AmongthemembersofthesmallbandofJamestownsettlerswasCapta
3、inJohnSmith,anEnglishsoldieroffortune.Hisreportsofexploration,publishedintheearly1600s,havebeendescribedasthefirstdistinctAmericanliteraturewritteninEnglish.Mayflower,1620,broughtthePilgrimsfromEnglandtoNewEngland.ChristopherJonesPlymouthBeforelanding,ana
4、greementforthetemporarygovernmentofthecolonybythewillofthemajoritywasdrawnupinthefamousMayflowerCompact.Harvard,thefirstcollegeinthecolonies,wasfoundednearBostonin1636inordertotrainnewPuritanministers.ThefirstprintingpressinAmericawasstartedtherein1638,an
5、dAmerica’sfirstnewspaper,TheBostonNewsletter,appearedin1704.Theydidnotdrawlinesofdistinctionbetweenthesecularandreligiousspheres:Alloflifewasanexpressionofthedivinewill----abeliefthatlaterresurfacesinTranscendentalism.CaptainJohnSmithWilliamBradfordJohnWi
6、nthropCottonMatherAnneBradstreetEdwardTaylorAmericanPuritanism•Theystressedpredestination,originalsin,totaldepravity,andlimitedatonementfromGod’sgrace.•TheywenttoAmericatoprovethattheywereGod’schosenpeoplewhowouldenjoyGod’sblessingsonearthandinHeaven.•Fin
7、ally,theybuiltawayoflifethatstressedhardwork,thrift,piety,andsobriety.•Bothdoctrinaireandanopportunist.LiteraryInfluence:•AmericanLiteratureisbasedonamyth------theBiblicalmythoftheGardenofEden.•TheAmericanPuritan’smetaphoricalmadeofperception----symbolism
8、.Chapter2Edwards·Franklin·Crevecoeur•JonathanEdwardsandBenjaminFranklinsharedthe18thcenturybetweenthem.•TheyembodiedPuritannaïveidealismandcrudematerialism.•Deism•Theywerenotinterestedintheologybutinmansownnature.Jo
