2014四肢肌.ppt

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1、TheMusclesofLimbsDepartmentofAnatomy冯娜目的与要求1.了解上肢带肌的位置和组成。掌握三角肌、大圆肌、肩胛下肌的位置、起止概况和作用。2.了解臂肌的位置、分群和各群肌的组成与功能。掌握肱二头肌位置、起止概况和作用。3.掌握前臂肌的名称。4.了解髋肌的位置及分群概况。掌握髂腰肌、臀大肌和梨状肌的位置、起止概况和作用。５.了解大腿肌的位置及分群概况。掌握缝匠肌、股四头肌、长收肌、股二头肌、半腱肌、半膜肌的位置、起止概况和作用６.掌握小腿诸肌的名称。了解腘窝的组成。７.了解足

2、背及足底肌的位置、分群和功能。Accordingtotheirlocations,themusclesofupperlimbaredivisibleinto:themusclesofshoulder,themusclesofarm,themusclesofforearmandthemusclesofhand.Section5Themusclesofupperlimb一、TheMusclesofShoulderTheysurround,protectandacttheshoulderjoint.Theya

3、risefromtheshouldergirdleandareinsertedintothehumerus.Therearesixmusclesinthisgroup.（一）Deltoid三角肌（二）supraspinatus冈上肌（三）Infraspinatus冈下肌（四）Teresminor小圆肌（五）Teresmajor大圆肌（六）subscapularis肩胛下肌Shouldercuff肌腱袖二、ThemusclesofarmTheyaredividedintotwogroup,theanter

4、ior(flexor)groupandtheposterior(extensor)group.1.Bicepsbrachii肱二头肌（一）Theanteriorgroup2.Coracobrachialis喙肱肌3.Brachialis肱肌(二)TheposteriorgroupTricepsbrachii肱三头肌Triangularspace三边孔Quadrangularspace四边孔三、ThemusclesofforearmTheyconsistofananteriorandaposteriorg

5、roup.Thoseoftheanteriorgroupareflexorsofthewristandfingers,andthepronators.Thoseoftheposteriorgrouparetheextensorsofthewristandfingers,andthesupinators.（一）TheanteriorgroupItcanbedividedintofourlayers.1.ThefirstlayerBrachioradialis肱桡肌Pronatorteres旋前圆肌Flex

6、orcarpiradialis桡侧腕屈肌Palmarislongus掌长肌Flexorcarpiulnaris尺侧腕屈肌2.ThesecondlayerFlexordigitorumsuperficialis指浅屈肌3.ThethirdlayerFlexordigitorumprofundus指深屈肌Flexorpollicislongus拇长屈肌4.The4thlayerPronatorquadratus旋前方肌（二）Theposteriorgroupcanbedividedintotwolayers

7、,thesuperficialanddeep.1.Thesuperficiallayer:Extensorcarpiradialislongusandbrevis桡侧腕长短伸肌Extensordigitorum指伸肌Extensordigitorumminimi小指伸肌Extensorcarpiulnaris尺侧腕伸肌2.Thedeeplayer：supinator旋后肌abductorpollicislongus拇长展肌extensorpollicisbrevis拇短伸肌extensorpollici

8、slongus拇长伸肌extensorindicis示指伸肌（二）Themedialgroup（一）ThelateralgroupThemusclesofhand拇对掌肌拇短展肌拇短屈肌拇收肌小指展肌小指短屈肌小指对掌肌（三）Themedialgroup:1.Thelumbricales2.TheinterosseousmuscleThemusclesoflowerlimbaredivisibleaccordingtotheirlocati