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1、1、whatislexicology?Lexicologyisthestudyofthevocabularyorlexiconofagivenlanguage.Itdealsnotonlywithsimplewords,butalsowithcomplexandcompoundwords.2、morphologyisthestudyoftheformsofwordsandtheircomponents.Inmorphology,morphemeisabasicconcept.Morphemesareconsideredasthesmalle
2、stmeaningfulunitswhichmayconstitutewordsorpartsofwords.Semanticsisoftendefinedasthestudyofmeaning.Semanticsisusuallyapproachedfromoneoftwoperspectives:philosophicalorlinguistic.Etymologyisthestudyofthewholehistoryofwords.First…second…thirdP23、lexicographyiscloselyrelatedto
3、thewordsinagivenlanguage.Itinvolvesthewritingandcompilationofdictionaries,especiallydealingwiththeprinciplesthatunderlietheprocessofcompilingandeditingdictionaries.4、Majorfeaturesofwords:1).awordisasoundorcombinationofsoundswhichwemakevoluntarilywithourvocalequipment.2).aw
4、ordissymbolicandisusedtostandforsomethingelse.3).thewordisanuninterruptibleunit.4).awordhastodowithitssocialfunction.5).awordmayconsistofoneormoremorphemes.6).Wordsarepartofthelargecommunicationsystemwecalllanguage.7).Awordoccurstypicallyinthestructureofphrases.5、Lexicalwo
5、rds:arenouns,verbs,adjectives,andadverbs.Grammaticalwordsarewordslikepronouns,prepositions,demonstrative,determiners,conjunctions,auxiliaryverbs,andsoon.6、Themorphemesaretheultimategrammaticalconstituents,thesmallestmeaningfulunitsoflanguage.Onemorpheme:boy,desire,sayTwomo
6、rphemes:boy+ish,desire+ableThreemorphemes:boy+ish+ness,desire+able+ityFourmorphemes:gentle+men+li+ness,un+desire+able+ity7、Phonemes,whicharethesmallestworkingunitsofsoundperse,buildupintomorphemes,amorphemeiscomposedofoneormorephonemes.8、Lexicalitemasaunitoflexicalmeaning,
7、whichexistsregardlessofanyinflectionalendingsitmayhaveorthenumberofwordsitmaycontain.Lexemeisconsideredanabstractlinguisticunitwithdifferentvariants.9、Typesofmorphemes:1).Boundmorphemesandfreemorphemes2).Derivationalandinflectionalmorphemes10、seventypesofmeaning:conceptual
8、meaning,connotativemeaning,socialmeaning,affectivemeaning,reflectedmeaning,collocativemea
