资源描述：
《安庆一中名师语法总结 (3).doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、安庆一中语法笔记语法总结：形容词性从句（定语从句）一、概念：定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，其功用相当于形容词，故被称为形容词性从句。被修饰的名词（包括名词短语）或代词称为先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as关系副词有：when,where,why二、关系代词引导的定语从句：1.关系代词：who,whom,that,which,whose,as它们代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从
2、句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who,whom,that：代替指人的先行词，其中who在从句中作主语、宾语（当有介词在前面和关系代词一起引导从句时，不可用who）；whom在从句中作宾语；that在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。e.g.Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?（who/that在从句中作主语） Heisthemanwho/whom/thatIsawyesterday.（who/whom/that在从句中作宾语）IhavemanyfriendstowhomI’mgoingtosendpostcar
3、ds.(whom在从句中作宾语，此句不可由who,that引导，因为这里是介词和关系代词一起引导从句)2）which,that：代替指物的先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语，that还可在从句中作表语。e.g.Theriverwhich/thatrunsthroughthecentreofthecitybringspeoplealotofpleasures.(which/that在从句中作主语)Thepackage（which/that）youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.（which/that在句中作宾语）Th
4、eystaywithusforthreeweeksduringwhichtimetheydrankallthewineIhad.(which在从句中作宾语，此句不可由that引导，因为这里是介词和关系代词一起引导从句)3）whose：代替指人或物的先行词，在从句中作定语。e.g.Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown. Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen. 4)as：代替先行词在从句中作主语、宾语、状语，引导限制性定语从句时，只用于一些固定短语（如：
5、thesame …as,such…as,so…as,as…as），也可引导非限制性定语从句，此时可修饰整个主句，在句中的位置较灵活，可位于句首、句中、句末。e.g.Suchpeopleashavemadegreatcontributionstotheworldshouldbegreatlyrespected.（as在从句中作主语）Youcantakeasmanyasyouneed.(as在从句中作宾语)Let’smeetatthesameplaceaswedidyesterday.(as在从句中作状语)Aseveryoneknows,Shake
6、speareisafamouswriter.(assbknow“正如某人所知的”，类似短语有：asIcanremember,asoftenhappens,asitisoftenthecase,asyousee,asweexpect,asisexpected,ashasbeensaidbefore,asmaybeimagined等等)2.关系代词的省略：关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语，且不是和介词一起引导从句时，常常被省略，that在从句中作表语时，也可被省略。9安庆一中语法笔记e.g.Ihavebeentothecitytwice(that/
7、which)youvisited.Generationgapisaproblem(that/which)peopleareinterestedin.Afterscoresofyears,Johnsonisnotthenaughtyboy(that)heusedtobe.3.“(限定词)+介词+关系代词”引导定语从句：e.g.ThereusedtobeatimeduringwhichtheChinesepeoplestruggledforfreedom.ThisistheofficeinwhichIusedtowork.I’dlikeyoutoe
8、xplainthereasonforwhichyouwereabsent.Herearethequestions,someofwhichIthinka
