Chapter 19 Polarization.ppt

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1、polarization（偏振）plane-polarizedlight（线偏振光）partiallypolarizedlight(部分偏振光)polaroid(偏振片)polarizer(偏振器)KeywordsAndTermsChapter19Polarization31-1119.1PolarizationofLightP72019.2PolarizationbyReflectionP723Homework:31-47,50,67(a)Withoutpolarizer;(b)Usingapolarizerwhichisadjustedtoabsorbmostofthepol

2、arizedlightreflectedfromthewater’ssurface,andanyfishtobeseenmorereadily.Chapter19Polarization31-1119.1PolarizationofLightP720Polarizationcanexistonlyfortransversewaves,andnotforlongitudinalwaves.偏振：振动方向对于波的传播方向不具有柱对称性叫偏振。·Head-onviewoftheplaneofoscillationE播传方向振动面光矢PolarizationofLightproofsth

3、atlightistransversewave(光的偏振证明了光的横波性).ThedirectionofpolarizationinaEMwaveistakeasthedirectionoftheelectricfieldvector.没有优势方向自然光的分解······1.PolarizationofLightandrepresentation(1)UnpolarizedlightThesourceoflighthasoscillationsinmanyplanes.DenotingMethod:Anordinaryincandescentlightbulbemitsunpol

4、arizedlight,asdoestheSun.OscillationoftheelectricfieldvectorsUnpolarizedlightconsistsoflightwithrandomdirectionsofpolarizationandresolvethedirectionsintotwomutuallyperpendiculardirections.(2)Plane-polarizedLight(linearlypolarizedlight)光矢量在屏平面内光矢量与屏平面垂直DenotingMethod:Itsfieldoscillat

5、ionsareinafixedplane(direction)光矢量只在一个固定平面内沿一个固定方向振动的光叫线偏振光.(3)PartiallyPolarizedLight(部分偏振光)Itsfieldoscillationsareneithercompletelyrandomnorparalleltoasingleaxis(theelectricfieldsoscillatingalongonedirectionhavegreaterpossibilitythanthoseoscillatingalongotherones).部分偏振光可分解为两束振动方向相互垂直的、不等幅的、

6、不相干的线偏振光.平行板面的光振动较强垂直板面的光振动较强Polarizer(起偏):Anunpolariedbeamcanbethoughtofastwoperpendicularpane-polarizedbeamsofequalmagnitude.Whenunpolariedlightpassesthroughapolarizer,oneofthecomponentsiseliminated.从自然光获得偏振光2.Polarizerandanalyzer(起偏,检偏)Polaroidsheet(偏振片):Apolaroidsheetallowstheorie

7、ntationofpolarizationtopassthroughnearlyundiminishedandthedirectioniscalledtheaxisofthepolariod(偏振化方向),whereasaperpendicularpolarizationisabsorbedalmostcompletely.AxisofpolarizationspolarizerConceptualExample:Analyzer（检偏）自然光I0线偏振光I最亮检偏器最暗起偏器自