美国文学复习大纲.ppt

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1、AmericanLiterature<美国文学简史>常耀信著Chapter1ColonialperiodtoWarofIndependence1.TheDevelopmentoftheAmericanasaNation.ThoughAmericanliteraturehasahistoryofonlyabout200years,itiscloselyrelatedwiththedevelopmentoftheAmericanasanation.ThenativepeopleinthecontinentofUSareIndia

2、ns.Inthebeginningof17thcenturyblackpeoplewereshippedfromAfricatoAmericaandbecameslavesofsouthernplanters.OtherimmigrantswerefromdifferentnationsofEurope.Peopleofdifferentnationalitieslivetogethergenerationaftergeneration.Graduallyanewnation,thenationofAmericacamein

3、tobeing.2.TheearlydevelopmentofAmericanliteratureTheearlydevelopmentofAmericanliteratureisslow,asthenAmericawasattheperiodofdevelopmentwithlowlivingstandard.Thefirstproblemimmigrantshadtosolvewasfood,reallyhardforthemtocareforthespiritualenjoyment.In1704,firstnewsp

4、apergotpublishedinAmerica.In1731,firstlibrarywasestablished.In1752,firstprofessionaltroupewassetup.WhatwasputonthestagewereEnglishplays.Itwasnotuntil1767thatthefirstplaybyAmericanwriterwasputonthestage.ItwasafterthewarofIndependencethatnovelsappeared.3.Mainliterary

5、writersandwritingsofthisperiodThewritingsofthisperiodwerediaries,travelnotesandworksofreligion.Thoughtheycouldn’tberegardedasthebirthofAmericanliterature,tosomeextent,theyreflectedthelivingsituationandsocialcustomsoftheearlycolonizedplace,whichhadplayedanimportantr

6、oleintheculturallifeofAmericanpeople,thusinfluencedthefollowingAmericanliterature.AmericanMovementofEnlightenment(P.27-28)WritersofenlightenmentBenjaminFranklin:TheAuthobiography;PoorRichard’sAmanackTheImportanceofBenjaminFranklin’s“TheAutobiography”.(P.35-37)Thoma

7、sPaine:CommonSense;ThomasJefferson:TheDeclarationofIndependenceChapter2IndependenceWartoAmericanCivilWarAftertheindependence,greatchangeshadtakenplaceinUS.However,USstilllaggedbehindUKculturally.WesternpartofUShadnotbeenopened;southernpartwasunderthecontrolofslaveo

8、wners.Thoughitwas,therewerestillmanywritersandwritingsinUSatthattime.ThefirstpeakofliteratureinUSTwostagesofRomanticisminthefirsthalfof19thcentur