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1、工作設計與組織結構工作設計分析的理論模型工作特性模型及其應用影響組織效能的因素─McKinnsey7‘S傳統的組織原則組織結構組織部門化的設計部門溝通與協調機制常見的組織型態影響組織結構的因素ConceptualFrameworksforAnalyzingWorkTasksTaskAttributes/CharacteristicsTheories:Theoriesthatseektoidentifytaskcharacteristicsinjobs,howthesecharacteristicsarecombinedtoformdifferentjobs,andtheirrelatio
2、nshiptoemployeemotivation,andperformance.JobCharacteristicsModelSocialInformationProcessingModelSource:Robbins,S.T.Organizationalbehavior(10thed.).NewJersey:PearsonEducationInc.,2003.TaskCharacteristics:VarietyAutonomyResponsibilityKnowledgeandskillRequiredsocialinteractionOptionalsocialinteracti
3、on工作設計概念的演變效果1.提高工作動機2.提升產品品質3.提升工作績效4.提高工作滿足5.降低缺席率和離職率工作的核心特性技能多樣性工作整體性工作重要性工作自主性工作回饋性Source:Hackman,J.R.,andOldham,G.R.Workredesign.Addison-WesleyPublishingCompany,Inc.,1980.海克曼工作特性模型（Hackman,J.R.,andOldham,G.R.,1980）心理歷程覺得工作有意義產生責任感了解工作結果ComputingaMotivatingPotentialScorePeoplewhoworkonjobswi
4、thhighcoredimensionsaregenerallymoremotivated,satisfied,andproductive.Jobdimensionsoperatethroughthepsychologicalstatesininfluencingpersonalandworkoutcomevariablesratherthaninfluencingthemdirectly.Source:Robbins,S.T.Organizationalbehavior(10thed.).NewJersey:PearsonEducationInc.,2003.WorkSpaceDesi
5、gnFengShui(風水)Designingworksurroundingssothe“Chi”orlifeforceofthespaceisinharmonyandbalancewithnature.WorkspaceDesignandProductivityWorkspacesalonedon’tprovidesubstantialmotivation.Workspacesmakeiteasierforemployeestoperformbehaviorsthatmakethemmoreeffective.“Cognitiveergonomics”:matchingtheoffic
6、etothebrainwork.Source:Robbins,S.T.Organizationalbehavior(10thed.).NewJersey:PearsonEducationInc.,2003.遠景、企業文化、價值觀技術管理風格策略組織結構管理制度組織效能人員與技能影響組織效能之因素環境WhatIsOrganizationalStructure?OrganizationalStructure:Howjobtasksareformallydivided,grouped,andcoordinated.KeyElements:WorkspecializationDepartment
7、alizationChainofcommandSpanofcontrolCentralizationanddecentralizationFormalizationSource:Robbins,S.T.Organizationalbehavior(10thed.).NewJersey:PearsonEducationInc.,2003.KeyDesignQuestionsandAnswersforDesigningtheProper
