资源描述:
《西方翻译理论简介.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、TranslationtheoriesinthewestAccordingtoSteiner(1998:248-9),thehistoryofdiscourseontranslationisdividedintofourperiods:(1)a"traditional"period,fromthebeginningoftheChristianeratotheendoftheeighteenthcentury,whichisaperiodof"immediateempiricalfocus“(2)aperiodof"theoryandhermeneuticinquiry",gr
2、owingoutofGermanRomanticismaroundthebeginningofthenineteenthcentury,(3)a"modern"period,reachingwellintothetwentiethcentury,inwhichtheinfluenceofGeneralLinguisticsisincreasinglydominant(4)thecontemporaryperiod,aculturalturntotranslationstudies.a"traditional"periodOvertwomillennia,onlyafewaut
3、horshavesucceededinintroducing"anythingfundamentalornew".Thesecreatorsandtransformersinclude"SaintJerome,Luther,Dryden,Holderlin,Novalis,Schleiermacher,Nietzsche,EzraPound,"(1998:283)Cicero(西塞罗公元前106-前43年,古罗马政治家、雄辩家)"Isawthattoemploythesameexpressionsprofitedmenothing,whiletoemployotherswas
4、apositivehindrance…AfterwardsIresolvedtotranslatefreelyGreekspeechesofthemosteminentorators".Asaconsequence,"Inotonlyfoundmyselfusingthebestwords,andyetquitefamiliarones,butalsocoiningbyanalogycertainwordssuchaswouldbenewtoourpeople,providedonlytheywereappropriate"(Robinson1997a:7).西塞罗主要观点译
5、者应该像演说家一样,使用符合古罗马语言习惯的语言来表达外来作品的内容。直译是缺乏技巧的表现。翻译应保留词语最内层的东西,即意思。翻译也是文学创作。各种语言的修辞手段彼此相通,因此翻译可以做到风格对等。提出“解释员”式翻译和“演说家”式翻译,即直译与意译。St.JeromeHeinsistedon“theaccuratetransmissionofthemeaningofthetextratherthanthebuddingorator'sfreelyrangingimagination“.Heintroduced"thefirstmajorshiftinwesterntran
6、slationtheory“.Jeromemaintainedthemajortermsofsourcetextandtargettext,originalmeaningandtranslatedmeaning,theconceptsofliteralanddynamictranslation("wordforword"and"senseforsense“).Interpretingtheoriginalmeaning"correctlyinordertoreproduceitproperly"(Gentzler1993:95).哲罗姆(347--420)翻译不能始终字当句对
7、,而必须采取灵活的原则。应当区别对待文学翻译与宗教翻译。前者意译,后者直译。正确的翻译必须依靠正确的理解。MartinLutherLuther"saimistokeepcommunicationwithreadersandlisteners,buttheaudienceforhisnewtranslationofthescriptureswascomposednotofscholarsbutplainspeakersofvernacularGerman,"themotherinherhouse,thec