定语从句总结经典例句.ppt

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1、1.定义：在复句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词(名词或代词)叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后边。3.定语从句由于关系代词和关系副词引导，关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。关系代词在从句中做主语、宾语、定语关系副词在从句中做状语TheAttributiveClause（定语从句）关系代词thatwhowhomwhosewhich在句子中的作用指代作用主语、宾语或表语指人或指物主语、宾语（口语或非正式文体）或表语指人（可与that互换）宾语（动

2、宾或介宾）指人定语指人或指物主语或宾语指物（有时可与that互换）关系副词When(on/in/during)Where(in/atwhich)why(forwhich)在句子中的作用指代（代替功能）时间状语时间名词地点状语地点名词原因状语指代原因关系代词:1.who指人,作主语、宾语和表语(作宾语可省略）Youcan’twakeupapersonwhoispretendingtobeasleep.Ilikemusicianswhoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词

3、提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.Themanwhoyoumetjustnowismyuncle.3.Who/whom作表语Johnisnolongertheboywhoheusedtobe.4.whose作定语Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisafamousdoctor.5.that指人或物,作主语、宾语或表语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.Chinaisnolo

4、ngertheoldChinathatitusedtobe.6.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Themanthat(who/whom)youmetjustnowismyuncle.Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thecakeswhichmymumcookedweretasty.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?关系副

5、词:1.when在从句中作时间状语I’llneverforgetthedaywhenwemetforthefirsttime.Thestoryhappenedonthedaywhenhewasborn.2.Where在从句中作地点状语ThisistheplacewhereIlived5yearsago.Heshowedmethebuildingwherehisfatherworked.3.Why在从句中作原因状语Idon’tknowthereasonwhyheisalwayslateforschool.Thisisthereas

6、onwhywemustgoearlier.1〉当先行词前有序数词，形容词最高级，或限定词：theonly，thesame，thelast,thevery等修饰时，只用that，不用which3.Thisistheonlygift_____Ihavegotfromhim.在定语从句中，只用that不用which的情况that1.Thisismyfirsttrip_____Ihavemadeinmylife.2.Themostbeautifulplace______hehasvisitedisGuilin.thatthat4.Iti

7、stheverypen_____Iamlookingfor.5.Thelastplace_____theyvisitedinChinawasMountHua.thatthat6.Thisistheverybook______belongstohim.that2〉当先行词为不定代词时，如：anything，all，no,some,every,everything，nothing，none，much，little等词时，只用that，不用which3〉当有两个以上的先行词，且先行词中有人也有物时，只用that，不用which。tha

8、tthat1.Shetookawayeverything_________belongstoher.Theoldmantalkedaboutthepersonsandthings______hecouldremember.2.Youcanborrowanyboo