Law Courts for UK.ppt

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1、LawCourtsSupremeCourtsSubordinateCourtsTheHouseofLordsAllappealstotheHouseofLordsareaboutthemeaningofthelaw,ratherthantheevidenceinacase.TheAppellateCommitteeoftheHouseofLordsreceivesappeals.TheLordChancelloranduptofivelawLordshearthecaseandmakethedecisiononthebasisof

2、thecurrentstateofthelaw.ThejudicialpowerisreplacedbyanewlyestablishedcourtcalledtheSupremeCourt.SupremeCourtofUKConstitutionalReformAct(2005)TakingoverthejudicialfunctionsoftheHouseofLordsanddevolutioncases(mainlyaboutcompliancewithrightsundertheEuropeanConventiononHu

3、manRights)fromtheJudicialCommitteeofthePrivyCouncil.Beginningworkin2009First:transparencyofindependenceofthejudiciaryfromtheexecutiveandthelegislatureishighlyappreciated.Second:judicialdecisionsoftheHouseofLordswereinfacttakenbytheJudicialCommitteeofthehouseofLordsand

4、thatnon-judicialmemberswereneverinvolvedinitsjudgments.WiththeSupremeCourt,therewouldbeaclearseparationofpowersamongthejudiciary,thelegislatureandtheexecutive.WHY?Third,requirementfortheappearanceofimpartialityandindependencelimitedtheabilityofthelawLordstocontributet

5、otheworkoftheHouse,thusreducingthevaluetoboththemandtheHouse.Finally,aseparatesupremecourtwouldeasethepressureontheHouseofLord.CourtofAppealDealingwithappealsfromothercourtsortribunals.Twodivisions:TheCivilDivisionhearsappealsfromtheHighCourtandCountyCourt.TheCriminal

6、DivisiononlyhearsappealsfromtheCrownCourt.SupremeCourtsHighCourtofJusticeFunctionsbothasacivilcourtoffirstinstanceandacriminalappellatecourtforcasesfromthesubordinatecourts.Threedivisions:theQueen’sBench(皇座法庭),theChancery(大法官法庭)andtheFamilyDivisions(家事法庭）.CrownCourtIt

7、isacriminalcourtofbothoriginalandappellatejurisdiction.Alsohandlesalimitedamountofcivilbusinessbothatfirstinstanceandonappeal.ItistheonlycourtinEnglandandWalesthathasthejurisdictiontotrycasesonindictment.SubordinateCourtsMagistrates’CourtsPresidedoverbyabenchoflaymagi

8、strates(orjusticesofthepeace),oralegally-traineddistrictjudge.Nojuries.Hearsminorcriminalcasesaswellascertainlicensingapplic