调查研究与问卷设计.ppt

《调查研究与问卷设计.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、SchoolofPublicAdministration&PolicyDr.KaifengYang调查研究与问卷设计1问题调查的重要性截面型调查的优点和缺点问卷设计的几个问题2SurveyQuestionsmayincludeSocialbackgroundinformationReportsofpastbehaviorStatementsofattitudes,beliefs,valuesBehavioralintentionsSensitiveinformation.3GeneralSocialSurveyTheGeneralSocialSurvey(GSS)isanomnibu

2、spersonalinterviewsurveyofanationalprobabilitysampleconductedsince1972bytheNationalOpinionResearchCenter.Until1994,thesurveywasconductedannually(exceptfor1979,1981,and1992)withasampleofabout1500respondents.Startingin1994theGSSshiftedtobiennialsurveyswithtwiceasmanyrespondents.Theobjectiveofthes

3、urveyistoprovidehigh-qualitydatatothesocialscienceresearchcommunity.4问题调查的重要性截面型调查的优点和缺点问卷设计的几个问题5Cross-sectionalStudyDescriptivevalue:HowmanyMPAstudentsdrinkRedBull?Howmuch?WhatistheageandsexdistributionofthestudentswhodrinkRedBull?Analyticvalue:IsthereanassociationbetweenregularRedBullconsump

4、tionandtestscoresamongMPAstudents?UnivariateMultivariate(controllingfor“confounders”)6Cross-sectionalstudy:structuretimeAcademicPerformanceRedBullconsumption7time-CannotdeterminecausalityRedBullconsumptionAcademicPerformance8ProsandConsPros:Relativetoexperiments,surveysgenerallycanaddressawider

5、rangeoftopicsandcollectsubstantiallymoreinformationfrommuchlargerandmorerepresentativesamples.Theyaremoreflexibleandmoreeconomicalinthattheycanaddressseveralresearchquestionsatonetime.Cons:SurveysarelesseffectiveintestingcausalrelationshipsthanexperimentsTheyarelimitedtoself-reportsofbehavior,w

6、hichnotonlyaresubjecttoself-censoringofresponsesbutalsocannotsubstituteforstudiesofovertbehavior.9ComparisonCo-var.TimeorderNonspuriousExperimentCrosssectionalUsuallynotmaybeExternalVmaybeSatisfyingandCompromising!10InternalValidity:Experimentvs.Cross-sectionalInExperimentalstudies,trytoco

7、ntrolexperimentconditionssothattwogroupsareundersameconditionsotherthanthestimulusIncross-sectionalstudy,youcannot“control”otherconditions,soyoutrytomeasurethemandincludethemascontrolvariableinyouranalysis.A---->B.70A---->B.70A---