财经英语-4.ppt

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1、财经英语FinancialandEconomicEnglishReviewofFormerUnits--Unit1Whatiseconomics?thestudyofmankindintheordinarybusinessoflife;examinesthatpartofindividualandsocialactionwhichismostcloselyconnectedwiththeattainmentandwiththeuseofthematerialrequisitesofwell-beingt

2、hestudyofdecision-makingeconomicsmaterialrequisitedecisionmakingvaluejudgmentindustrialrelationssocialforceseconomicsystemhistoricalbackgroundpoliticalforcesWhatisthebasiceconomicproblem?Scarcitywhichwantsaretobesatisfiedfirst,andonhowresourcesaretobeallo

3、catedandcombinedtosatisfythewantsofthecommunityWhatandhowmuchtoproduce,andhowtodistributethegoodsandservicesproducedscarcityaresourcewhichcanbeusedformorethanonepurposeisindemand,andthereforeachoicemustbemadeonhowtoallocatetheresourceamongthecompetingpurp

4、osesallocateresourceseconomicresourcesland,labor,andcapitalopportunitycostthewantwhichwasgivenupwastherealcostofthewantwhichwassatisfiedpricemechanismmarketmechanismtheprocessbywhichpricesriseandfallasaresultofchangesindemandandsupplyeffectivedemandadesir

5、etoobtainanarticleaccompaniedbytheabilityandwillingnesstopayforitatthepriceaskedReviewofUnit2lawofdemandbuyersarelikelytobuymoreofanitemasthepricefallslawofsupplyaspricesrise,sellerswouldliketosellmoreandwill,ifitispossible,offeralargerquantityforsale.dem

6、andcurvesupplycurvedemandschedulesupplyscheduleverticalaxishorizontalaxiscovercostmakeprofitequilibriumpriceatwhichthebuyerispreparedtobuythequantitywhichthesellerispreparedtosellatthatprice,sothemarketisclearedandthereisnosurplusandnoshortage.consumertas

7、tepriceelasticityofdemandmeasureshowgreatlyapricechangeaffectsachangeindemandtherelativechangeinquantitydemandedinresponsetoasmallchangeinpricepriceelasticindemandpriceinelasticindemandhavenosuitablesubstitute,andpeopleareunwillingorunabletogiveupReviewof

8、Unit3diminishingmarginalutilityorsatisfactionthepleasureorsatisfactiondiminishesastheybuyeachextraunit,untiltheyreachsaturationpointderiveddemandconsumersovereigntytheconsumersaresupremeandtheirdecisionsareall–impor