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1、一、定语从句(重要考点)定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。定语从句概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhoisbeautiful.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingattheme
2、etingisaworker.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,that,asWhere,when,whyP11：资料1分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句不可缺少没有逗号补充说明有逗号不能用that(指物时用which)定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.当先行词是人时
3、,用who,whom,whose,that引导.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语Whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisat
4、eacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:关系代词在从句中作动词宾语时可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.2、who(m),which和that的主要用法。资料2下列情况只能用that1先行词有人有物。２先行词被序数词，形容词最高级所修饰时。３先行词为all，everything,nothing,somethinganything等不定代词修饰时。4.先行词被every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时
5、。5.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。关系副词的使用when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy..onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich==why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich=3、
6、特殊结构资料1)．介词+which2)．代词/数词+of+whom/which练习题6，30考点：as与which引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。1.关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.当与such或thesame连用时，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.3.as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如从句中行为动词是
7、主动语态，一般要用which作主语。e.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.4).as在定语从句中的用法:练习题36，40Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______
