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1、Chapter3WordFormationLectureonLexicology031.Compounding:27%Definition:aprocesstocombinetwowordsMostly,compoundingisallowedinthecategorieslikeverbs,nouns,adjectivese.g.,bittersweet,headstrong,pickpocket,girlfriend,walkman2.Derivation:17.5%Definition:aprocesstoaddaffixestochangecategoryormeani
2、nge.g,re-construct-ion,ex-husband,mov-able3.conversion:10.5%Definiton:aprocesstoconvertawordofonewordclasstothatofanotherclasswordwithoutchangingtheformMostly,conversionisallowedinthecategorieslikeverbs,nouns,andadjectives.e.g.,water,back,summer4.Clipping(略写about2%)Definition:aprocesstoshort
3、enapartofpolysyllabicwordse.g.,auto(mobil),demo(demonstration),fax,(facsimile)piano-(forte),5.Blends(拼缀法about6%)Definition:aprocesstoclipnonmorphemicsegmentsfromexistingwordsandcombinethesegmentse.g.,smog(smoke+fog),motel(motor+hotel),brunch(breakfast+lunch)6.Backformation(逆构词about1%)Definit
4、ion:aprocesstoremovearealaffixe.g.,televise(fromtelevision),resurrect(fromresurrection),liposuct(fromliposuction)buppie....blackyuppieChuppie....Chineseyuppiedumpie....downwardlymobilemiddle-agedprofessionalgruppie.....environmentally-consciousyuppiehuppie.....hippyyuppiejuppie..... Anotherw
5、ordforbuppienuppie.....nonworkingurbanprofessionalpuppie.....pretentiousyuppieRumpie.....ruralyuppiescuppie.....yuppiesensitivetosocialissuesskippie.....schoolkidwithincomeandpurchasingpowersuppie.....Southernyuppiewoopie.....well-offolderpersonYappie...youngarcticprofessionalyeepie... Youth
6、fulenergeticelderlypersonyippie....thepossiblefatherofYuppieYumpie....anothernameforYuppieZuppie....zestfulupscalepeopleintheirprime7.Acronyms(首字母拼音词)Definition:totakeinitialsofeachwordinaphraseoratitlee.g.NASA,(NationalandSpaceAdministration国家航空和宇宙航行局)UNICEF(UnitedNationsInternationalChildr
7、en’sEmergencyFund联合国儿童基金会)WTO(WordTradeOrganization),HTML(超文本连接标示语言)8.Reduplication重叠词(0.5%)walkie-talkie(步话机),go-goemployedtoentertaininadisco
