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ID:48699037
大小:96.50 KB
页数:9页
时间:2020-01-19
《标准生成吉布斯自由能).ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、Review1ThestandardGibbsenergyofreactioninsolutionthestandardGibbsenergyformation(标准生成吉布斯自由能)thestandardreactionGibbsenergy(反应的标准吉布斯自由能变)1Thesolventandsoluteneeddistinguishandthesolutionisdilute(稀溶液).Thestandardstateofeachreactantandproductisci=1mol.dm-3andthesolutionsubmitHenry’slawhypothetical
2、.=+c’denotethesaturatedsolubilityofeachsolute22Theresponseofequilibriatotheconditions[1]HowequilibriarespondtopressureThestandardequilibriumconstantisindependentofthepressure,buttheequilibriumcompositiondependsonthepressure.3LeChatelier‘sprinciple:Asystematequilibrium,whensubjectedtoadisturbanc
3、e,respondsinawaythattendstominimizetheeffectofthedisturbance.4[2]effectofinertgas(惰性气体)onequilibrium1.Ifaninertgasisaddedtoanequilibriummixtureofgasesatconstanttemperatureandvolume,thereisnoeffectontheequilibrium.2.Ifaddinganinertgasatconstanttemperatureandpressurewhichhasthesameeffectaslowerin
4、gtheoriginalgaspartialpressure.5[3]TheresponseofequilibriatotemperatureThevan'tHoffequationisanexpressionfortheeffectoftemperatureonthestandardequilibriumconstantKo.HereisthestandardreactionenthapyatthetemperatureT.6(1)Ifvariesonlyslightlywithtemperature(2)Ifdependsontemperature,7Specially,when
5、theheatcapacities(热容)ofreactantsandproductsisthemeanvalue,thevalueofisconstant,then8化学平衡移动规律当升高系统温度时,平衡向能降低温度(吸热)的方向移动,降低系统温度,平衡向能升高温度(放热)的方向移动;当增加系统压力时,平衡就向能减小压力(即减少气体物质的物质的量)的方向移动;当降低系统压力时,平衡就向能增大压力(即增加气体物质的物质的量)的方向移动。当增加反应物浓度时,平衡就向能减少反应物浓度的方向移动。当减少生成物浓度时,平衡就向能增加生成物浓度的方向移动。9
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