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1、名词性从句归纳一、名词性从句概说、结构与功能名词性从句是起名词作用的从句,其功能相当于名词词组,在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。与之对应的名词性从句分别为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句需要由不同的关联词来引导,和主句相连。主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句动宾介宾that不省略可以省略不省略不省略不省略whether/if放于句首用whether均可使用但有区别只用whether只用whether只用whether特殊疑问词陈述句语序关系从句陈述句语序二、主语从句1、主语从句的类别●以从属连词that引导
2、的主语从句。(从句位于句首,that通常不省略)→Thatshewillcometotheconferencehasexcitedeveryoneofus.●以从属连词whether引导的主语从句。(从句置于句首时一般不用if来代替whether)→Whetherwe’llgooutingdependsontheweather.●以连接代词(what,whatever,who,whoever,which,whichever等词)引导的主语从句。→Whoeverwillbeinchargeoftheprojecthasn’tbeende
3、cidedyet.【注】what与that在引导主语从句时,what不但起连接作用,而且还有具体意义,意为“所…的”,相当于thethingsthat结构;而that则无词义。即如果从句中不缺少主语或宾语时,选择that,否则用what。●以连接副词(when,where,how,why等词)引导的主语从句.→Whenthenewroadisopentotraffichasnotbeenmadeclear.2、用it作形式主语的主语从句注:以下几种特殊情况必须用it作形式主语:⑴Itis+adj.+that从句常见的形容词有:nece
4、ssary,right,likely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,strange等。→Itislikelythattherewillbeasnowstormtomorrow.⑵Itis+noun+that从句常接这种句型的名词有:apity,ashame,goodnews,afact,anhonor,awonder,nowonder等。精选范本,供参考!→Itisapitythatyoudidn’tattendthelecture[讲座]yesterday.⑶Itis+过去分词常见的分词
5、有:said,heard,reported,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,thought,considered,pointedout,wellknown,hoped,turnedout等词→Itissaidthattheprofessorhasalreadysucceededincarryingoutthisexperiment.⑷It+特殊动词+that从句常用于这种结构的动词有:seem,happen(碰巧),appear,occur等。→Itseemstomethatyouobjecttot
6、heplan.IthappenedthatIdidn’ttakeanymoneywithme.⑸Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句→Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.三、宾语从句1、动词的宾语从句⑴大多数动词都可以带有宾语从句→Weallexpectthattheywillwinthismatch.常见的动词有:hope,tell,say,know,think,consider,imagine,hear,expect,suppose,guess等。⑵有些“动词
7、+副词”结构也可带宾语从句。→Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.⑶可以运用形式宾语it的宾语从句:①动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等后有宾语补足语时,需要用it作形式宾语而讲that宾语从句后置。→Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.②动词hate,take,have,se
8、eto等词在带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it。▲(若宾语从句是“WH”系列引导,其后有tobe短语作宾补,则不可以用it替代。)→Itakeitthatyouwillagreewithus.Weallconsid