定语从句语法例句全解.doc

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1、.word可编辑.定语从句一、概述在复合句(有主句有从句的句子)中，修饰某一名词或代词，用作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributiveclause)。关系代词Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.先行词定语从句被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(antecedent)。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。关系代词和关系副词的作用：①连接作用②指代先行词③在句子中充当一定成分引导定语从句的关联词有:关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that、as关系副词when、where、w

2、hy关系代词作主语指人whothat不可省指物whichthat关系代词作宾语whom指人thatwho(口语)可省指物whichthat关系代词作定语Whose指人指物Aplaneisamachine（that、which）canfly.飞机是会飞的机器。（引导词that、which在句中作主语）Theforeigner（who、that）visitedourclassyesterdayisfromC.专业.专注..word可编辑.anada.昨天到我班来访的外国人来自加拿大。（引导词who、that在句中作主语）Th

3、eyplantedthetrees（which、that）didn'tneedmuchwater.他们种植了需水不多的树木。（引导词which、that在句中作主语）Thenoodles(that、which、—)Icookedweredelicious.我煮的面条美味可口。（引导词that、which可省略作宾语）Thefish(which、that、—)weboughtwerenotfresh.我们买的鱼不新鲜。（引导词作宾语）Thegirl（that、whom、who口语、—）wesawyesterdaywasJi

4、m’ssister.我们昨天看到的女孩是吉姆的姐姐。（引导词作宾语）特殊请况：人+介词+whom不可省，不可用that物+介词+whichThepersonto(whom)youjusttalkedisMr.Li.刚才你与其交谈的人是李先生。（引导词whom，不可省略）Thepersont(whom、that、who、—)youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.Theknifewithwhichwecutthebreadissharp.我们用来切面包用的刀子很锋利。Theknife（which、that、—）wec

5、utthebreadwithissharp.指人Whomthatwho(口语)+介词（可省）指物whichthat题：ShewaseducatedatBeijinguniversity,_____shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.A.afterwhichB.fromwhichC.fromthatD.afterthat做题技巧：把现行词带到定语从句中变成一完整合理的句子，答案就出来了。Whose+n物=the+n+ofwhichOfwhich+the+n人=the+n+ofwhom

6、Ofwhom+the+nTheroomwhosewindowsfacesouthismine.thewindowsofwhichfacesouthismine..专业.专注..word可编辑.ofwhichthewindowsfacesouthismine.HeisateacherwhosenameisTom.thenameofwhomisTomofwhomthenameisTom.只用that，不用which的情况（先行词指物除5、6条）①当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时。all,everything,nothing,

7、something,anything,little等不定代词时（something之后也可用which）。Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪光的不光是金子。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?有什么要我做的事吗?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.他几乎没有回答老师的那些问题。②当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时;或现行词本身就是形容词最高级或序数词时。Thiswasoneofthemostinterestingbooksth

8、atweresoldinthisbookstore.这是这家书店售出的最有趣的书之一。Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetsomefood.该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。③当先行词有thevery，theonly，theright等修饰时。That’stheonlythingthatw