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1、Transitionwords●ChronologicalRelationsnow,nowadays;when,before,after,while,during;between…and…;in…(year);since…;later,afterwards,earlier,formerly;fromthenon;attheturnofthecentury(decade);inthefirsthalfofthecentury;inthe1990s;atbirth,inchildhood,ininfancy,inadolescence,asanadu
2、lt,inadulthood,inoldage,atdeath;simultaneously,simultaneouswith,atthesametimeas,theformer,thelatter,previous,previously,priorto,first,second;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace;tobeginwith,next,then,subsequently,inthenextplace;inconclusion,finally,lastly,intheend●ProcessDescript
3、ionsfirst(ly),then,once,next,until,assoonas,lastly,as,atthispoint,before,while,atthesametime,after,when●SpatialRelationships1)where;2)inwhich,towhich,fromwhich;3)under,over,inside,beside,ontopof;4)along,through,asfaras;5)north,northern,south,southern;6)totheleft,totheright,to
4、thenorth;7)attheback,infront,atthemiddle;adjacentto邻近的；毗邻parallelrectanglecorrespondingtoparalleltosemicircle半圆形Distanceperpendicularto垂直的；成直角的SlopeMidpointplane水平；平面SpaceInteriorOppositeSurfaceDiagonalOverlappingVertical垂直的；直立；顶端EdgePyramidHorizontal水平的limitexteriorIntersect
5、ion交叉点；相交点●GivingSpecificDetailsForexampleAsanillustrationForinstanceInoneinstanceForonethingInthisinstanceToillustrateAsanexampleInotherwordsTake(sthas)exampleAsfollowsInpracticeLetmeillustrateAccordingtostatisticsLetmeciteasproofAccordingtostatisticsevidence●MakingCompariso
6、nandContrastTocompare:SimilartoAtthesamerateasSimilarlyAsLike,alike(just)as…soLikewiseInlikemannerCorrespondtoInthesamewayCorrespondinglyTohave…incommonResemble类似于；与…相像Commoncharacteristics,etc.resemblanceTobeparallelin…AlmostthesameasBothTocontrast:DifferfromUnlikeDifferentf
7、romWhileHoweverWhereas鉴于；然而；反之StillIncontrasttoNeverthelessInoppositiontoOtherwiseOnthecontraryEvenso;althoughOntheotherhandLess/more/faster…thanOntheoppositeside●DiscussingCauseandEffectSo;thusAccordinglyAsaresultHenceConsequentlyTheresultofSinceTheconsequenceofResultinDueto
8、ThereforeTheeffectofThereasonforHaveaneffectonAsowingtoForthisreason
