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1、ThePrincipalComponentsOfAutomotive张可可2013210612ThePrincipalComponentsOfAutomotivecontainsthebody,theengine,thechassis,thepowertrainsystem,thesteeringsystem,thesuspensionsystemandwheels,thebrakingsystemandtheelectricalandelectronicsystem.1ThebodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,aho
2、odandatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.ltprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengersandcargo.Itisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable・Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearaneeforthevehicle・2TheengineTheengineactsasthepowerunit・Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtainsit
3、spowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledcompression-ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines・theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotate
4、ashaftconnectedtothepowertrain.1ThechassisChassisistheframeonwhichtheengine,body,wheelsetc・arebuilt・Thechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartsofavehicle.Itineludespowertrainwhichconveysthedrivetothewheels,steeringwhichcontrolsthedirectionofmovement,suspensionandwheelswhichabso
5、rbtheroadshocks,andbrakewhichslowsdownthevehicle・2ThepowertrainsystemThepowertraintransfersturningeffortfromtheenginetothedrivingwheels・Itineludeaclutch(manualtransmission)oratorqueconverter(automatictransmission),atransmissiondriveshaft,finaldriveanddifferentialgearsanddrivingaxles.Alternatively,at
6、ransaxlemaybeused・Atransaxleisaself-containedunitwithatransmission,finaldrivegearsanddifferentiallocatedinonecasing.Thedirectionalmotionofvehicleiscontrolledbyasteeringsystem・Abasicsteeringsystemhas3mainparts:asteeringboxconnectedtothesteeringwheel,thelinkageconnectingthesteeringboxtothewheelassembl
7、yatthefrontwheelsandfrontsuspensionpartstoletthewheelassembliespivot・Whenthedriverturnsthesteeringwheel,ashaftfromthesteeringcolumnturnsthesteeringgear.Thesteeringgearmoves廿e-rodsthatconnecttothefront
