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1、中国汽车技术论坛：www.qichejishu.com更多汽车资料请访问中国汽车技术论坛：www.qichejishu.comCHAPTER1AUTOMOTIVEBASICS1.1 PrincipalComponentsToday'saveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscangroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricale
2、quipment.更多汽车资料请访问中国汽车技术论坛：www.qichejishu.com中国汽车技术论坛：www.qichejishu.com1.2 EngineTheengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitio
3、nengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.1.3 BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwit
4、hwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearanceforthevehicle.1.4 ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofth
5、osesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthetransmission,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems.Transmissionsystems―conveysthedrivetothewheels.Themaincomponentsareclutch,gearbox,driveshaft,finaldrive,anddifferential.Suspension―absorbstheroadshocks.
6、Steering―controlsthedirectionofthemovement.Brake―slowsdownthevehicle.1.5 Electrical EquipmentTheelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircuitconsistsofthebattery,alternator(or
7、generator).Thebatterystoreselectricity.Thealternatorchangestheengine'smechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.NewWordsPrincipalcomponent 主要部件category 种类，类型body 车身chassis 底盘layout 布置powerunit 动力装置internalcombustionengine 内燃机更多汽车资料请访问中国汽车技术论坛：www.qicheji
8、shu.com中国汽车技术论坛：www.qichejishu.comcylinder 汽缸gasoline 汽油spark 火花ignition 点燃，点火diesel 柴油机compression 压缩s
