江苏专用2019高考英语二轮增分策略专题四任务型阅读第二节分类突破二转换词汇类优选习题.doc

《江苏专用2019高考英语二轮增分策略专题四任务型阅读第二节分类突破二转换词汇类优选习题.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、二、转换词汇类(2015·江苏)Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.OneisrelatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple，theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Forwantofbetternames，weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayedrewa

2、rd.Ingeneral，thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsofcrimeandcorruption，accidentsanddisasters，sports，socialevents，andhumaninterest.Delayedrewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs，economicmatters，socialproblems，science，education，an

3、dhealth.Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxe-murder，shakehisheadsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane，identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam，laughunderstan

4、dinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.Newsofthesecondkind，however，paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereadertotolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance—as，forexample，whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation，themountingnationaldebt，risingtaxes，fallin

5、gmarket，scarcehousing，andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue”．Itisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedandprepared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews，hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheothe

6、rkind，heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.Foranyindividual，ofcourse，theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.Forexample，asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem，ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.Acoachmayreadaspor

7、tsstoryforitsthreatvalue：hemayhavetoplaythatteamnextweek.Apoliticianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting，notforitsdelayedreward，butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.Inanygivenstoryofcorruptionordisaster，athoughtfulreadermayreceivenot

8、onlytheimmediaterewardofindirectexperience，butalsothedelayedrewardofinformationandpreparedness.Therefore，whilethedivisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral，anindividual’stendencymaytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanother，ordivideth