6(1).Myology.ppt

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1、Myology肌学山东大学医学院解剖教研室李振华Myology肌学MorphologyofskeletalmuscleMusclebelly肌腹Tendon肌腱aponeurosis腱膜ClassificationLongmuscle长肌Shortmuscle短肌Broadmuscle阔肌Orbicularmuscle轮匝肌Myology肌学Origin起点－thefixedattachmentInsertion止点－themovableattachmentAction作用Agonist原动肌Antagonist拮抗肌Synergist协同肌Fixators固定肌Nomenclatu

2、reofmucles肌的命名shapesizeLocationtheirpointsofattachmentMyology肌学AccessorystructuresFascia筋膜SuperficialfasciaDeepfasciaSynovialbursa滑膜囊Myology肌学AccessorystructuresTendinoussheath腱鞘FibrouslayerSynoviallayerMesotendon腱系膜vinculatendinum腱纽Sesamoidbone籽骨Synovialcystofwrist腕部腱鞘囊肿MusclesofHead头肌Facialmu

3、scles面肌Masticatorymuscles咀嚼肌Facialmuscles面肌Epicranius颅顶肌Frontalbelly额腹Occipitalbelly枕腹Galeaaponeurotica帽状腱膜Orbicularisoculi眼轮匝肌Oralgroup口周围肌Buccinator颊肌Orbicularisoris口轮匝肌Nasalis鼻肌Facialmuscles面肌★Masticatorymuscles咀嚼肌Temporalis颞肌Masseter咬肌Lateralpterygoid翼外肌Medialpterygoid翼内肌★Masticatorymuscles

4、咀嚼肌Temporalis颞肌Origin－temporalfossaInsertion－coronoidprocessofmandibleAction－elevatesandretractsmandibleMasseter咬肌Origin－inferiorborderandmedialsurfaceofzygomaticarchInsertion－masseterictuberosityAction－elevatesmandible★Masticatorymuscles咀嚼肌Lateralpterygoid翼外肌Medialpterygoid翼内肌MusclesofNeck颈肌Su

5、perficialgroupAnteriorgroupSuprahyoidmusclesInfrahyoidmuscleDeepgroupMusclesoftheneckSuperficialgroupPlatysma颈阔肌★Sternocleidomastoid胸锁乳突肌Origin:manubriumandsternalendofclavideInsertion:mastoidprocessoftemporalboneAction:contractionofonemuscledrawsheadtowardthesameside,andturnfacetooppositeside;

6、bothmusclesacttogethertodrawheadbackwardMusclesoftheneckSuprahyoidmusclesDigastric二腹肌Mylohyoid下颌舌骨肌Stylohyoid茎突舌骨肌Geniohyoid颏舌骨肌Action:elevate(raise)hyoidboneanddepressmandibleMusclesoftheneckInfrahyoidmuscleSternohyoid胸骨舌骨肌Thyrohyoid甲状舌骨肌Sternothyroid胸骨甲状肌Omohyoid肩胛舌骨肌Action:Depresshyoidorlary

7、nxafterelevationMusclesoftheneckDeepgroupLateralgroupScalenusanterior前斜角肌Origin:transverseprocessesofC3-C6.Insertion:tubercleforscalenusanteriorAction:unilateral,bendsnecklaterally;bilateral,elevatefirstrib,anaccessorymuscleofinsp