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1、SIR ISAAC NEWTON —牛顿Newtonisthegreatest,mostinfluentialscientistsappearonhumanhistory,isalsoaphysicist,mathematicianandphilosopher,oldageobsessedwithalchemyandtheology.InJuly5,1687hepublishedthemonumentalworksof"mathematicalprinciplesofnaturalphilosophy
2、"withmathematicalmethodillustratestheuniverse'smostbasiclaw--thelawofuniversalgravitationandthethreelawsofmotion.Thesefourlawsformaunifiedsystem,isconsideredtobe"asuccess"humanwisdomisthegreatest,whichlaidthephysicalfieldafterthreecenturiesofscientificvi
3、ews,andbecomethefoundationofmodernengineering.Newtonforhumansetup"rationalism"banner,openthedooroftheindustrialrevolution.8/12/2021NewtonandtheApplestoryLegendintheautumnof1665,Newtonsatintheircourtsundertheappletreeforaplanetorbitingthesun.Atthistime,an
4、applehappenstofall,itfellatthefeetofNewton.Thisisadiscoverymoment,theapplefallingunlikecountlesstimesintheappletofall,byNewtonnoteforit.NewtonfromApplefound--theroleofgravitycausestheappletofallthebehoovephenomenon,thisinvisibleforcefromtheearthwiththeap
5、pletofall,justastheearthpullsthemoon,themoonaroundtheearthmovement.1.Mechanics（力学）2.Optics（光学）3.TheCorpuscularTheory（微粒说）4.Mathematics（数学）5.OtherResearches（其他）ScientificAchievementsNewton'sgreatestachievementinmechanics,isthethreelawsofmechanics.Firstlaw
6、:thelawofinertiaSecondlaw:F=maoriginalformula:F=d(MV)/dtThird:thelawofactionandreactionMechanics（力学）--Thethreelaws(三大定律)8/12/2021Optics（光学） -----Studyondispersion(色散研究)Firstofall,onthedispersionofNewtonNewtongotalotofinspirationfromDescartes'sworks.Itals
7、oputforwardmanyquestions.Newtonwasnotsatisfiedwiththeprevious(lightphenomena,ontheirowntostartaseriesofexperiments.Then,NewtonstartedtheexperimentFinallybasedondispersionexperiment,Newtonconcludedafewrules.Forexample,thesamecolorbelongtothesamerefractive
8、index,differentcolor,differentrefractiveindex.8/12/2021TheCorpuscularTheory（微粒说）NewtonsaidtheestablishmentofparticlesTheparticlesoflightNewtonthoughtthatlightisaparticleButitcannotexplainthemotionofmicroscopicparticles,suc
