American Literature美国文学.ppt

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1、AmericanLiteratureAmericanLiteratureTheearliestformsofAmericanliteraturewerepamphletsandwritingsextollingthebenefitsofthecolonies.ReligiousdisputesthatpromptedsettlementinAmericawerealsotopicsofearlywriting.OtherearlywritingsdescribedconflictsandinteractionwiththeNativeAmericans.Therevolutionar

2、yperiodalsocontainedpoliticalwritings.ThomasPaineCommonSenseandTheAmericanCrisisAmericanliteraturehasrecordedthestoryofaquest.EconomicReligiousRestlessAmericanliteraturehasbeenacontinuousnarrativeofthe“pursuitofhappiness.”EarlyFictionInthepost-warperiod,TheFederalistessaysbyJamesMadison,Alexand

3、erHamiltonandJamesJayrepresentedahistoricaldiscussionofgovernmentorganizationandrepublicanvalues.ThomasJeffersonDeclarationofIndependenceHeavilyinfluencedtheConstitution.HisAutobiographyTheNotesontheStateofVirginiaManyLettersThefirstAmericannovel,ThePowerofSympathy,waswrittenbyHillBrownin1789.E

4、arlypost-revolutionarywriterswereinterestedincreatinganAmericanhistory.WashingtonIrvinHistoryofNewYork“RipVanWinkle”“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”TouronPrairiesJamesFenimoreCooperTheSpyLeatherstockingTalesThePioneersTheLastoftheMohicansThePrairieThePathfinderTheDeerslayerTranscendentalistsTranscende

5、ntalismwasagroupofnewideasinliterature,religion,culture,andphilosophythatemergedinNewEnglandintheearlymiddleofthe19thcentury.TranscendentalismwasrootedinthetranscendentalphilosophyofImmanuelKant,whichtheNewEnglandintellectualsoftheearly19thcenturyembracedasanalternativetotheLockean“sensualism”o

6、ftheirfathers.Transcendentalismbeganasaprotestagainstthegeneralstateofcultureandsocietyatthetime,andinparticular,thestateofintellectualismatHarvardandthedoctrineoftheUnitarianchurchtaughtatHarvardDivinitySchool.AmongTranscendentalists'corebeliefswasanidealspiritualstatethat“transcends”thephysic

7、alandempiricalandisonlyrealizedthroughtheindividual'sintuition,ratherthanthroughthedoctrinesofestablishedreligions.RalphWaldoEmersonNatureHenryDavidThoreauWaldenRomanticismAmericanRomanticismwerequasi-allegoricalnovelsthatexplored