非洲美国文学8、African-American-Literature课件.ppt

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1、AfricanAmericanLiteratureI.Background1619negroes1863colored1960sblackBlackliteraturewasonceaneglectedareaofAmericanliteraryscholarship.Therisinginterestinithascomeaboutmainlyfortworeasons:BlackshavemadesignificantcontributiontoallaspectsofAmericanlife,andblackwritershaveproducedliteratureofimpres

2、sivescopeandquality;BlackliteratureconstituteamajorforcechangingtheearlierAmericanliterarymonolithofthewhitemiddleclass.IthasbecomeanindispensablepartofAmericanliteraturenow.II.LiteraryDevelopmentOraltraditionTheearliestblackliteraturewasoralintheformofsongs,ballads,andspirituals.Literatureinwrit

3、tenformA.poetryItwasnotuntilthe1760sthatBlacksbegantoproduceliteratureinwrittenform.Blackpoetryhaditsbeginninginthelate18thcenturyin“BarsFight,August28,1746”byLucyTerryandin“AnEveningthough—salvationbyChrist”(1761)byJupiterHammon.B.SlavenarrativeSlavenarrativesprovidevividaccountsofhumansuffering

4、sandhardshipastheyareautobiographicalrecordsoftheslaves’miserableexperiences.C.FictionWilliamWellsBrown,anescapedslave,publishedthefirstAfro-AmericannovelentitlesClotel,orThePresident’sDaughterin1853.wasanAfricanAmericanculturalmovementofthe1920sandearly1930scenteredaroundtheHarlemneighborhoodofN

5、ewYorkCity.[Grocerystore,Harlem,1940]LibraryofCongressPrintsandPhotographsDivisionWashington,D.C.;LC-USZC4-4737III.HarlemRenaissanceA.Severalfactorslaidthegroundworkforthemovement.DuringaphenomenonknownastheGreatMigration,hundredsofthousandsofAfricanAmericansmovedfromtheeconomicallydepressedrural

6、SouthtotheindustrialcitiesoftheNorth,takingadvantageofemploymentopportunitiescreatedbyWorldWarI.NSJacobLawrence,“Brownstones,”from“TheMigrationSeries”IncreasededucationandemploymentopportunitiesfollowingWorldWarIledtothedevelopmentofanAfricanAmericanmiddleclass.Asmoreandmoreeducatedandsociallycon

7、sciousAfricanAmericanssettledinNewYork’sneighborhoodofHarlem,itdevelopedintothepoliticalandculturalcenterofblackAmerica.B.AfricanAmericanliteratureandartssurgedintheearly1900s.Intheautumnof1926,agroupofyoungAfricanAmer