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1、JeremyNathansJohnsHopkinsMedicalSchool“AdviceforYoungScientists”lectureWhois“JeremyNathans”?AprofessoratDepartmentofMolecularBiologyandGenetics,JohnsHopkinsUniversity,SchoolofMedicineAmemberoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesDanielNathans’sSonDanielwonNobelPrizebyhisworkondiscoveryofrestrictionenzym
2、ewithWernerArberandHamiltonSmithHisExcitingMoments:Firsthomologyalignmentofaconepigmentsequence;FirstSouthernblotwithDNAfromcolorblindhumans;Firstabsorbancespectrumofrecombinantrhodopsin.WhatHehavelearnedin33yearsofworkinginthelab?Mostofall,theincrediblethrillofdiscoveringsomethingnew-notnecess
3、arilysomethingbigandimportant,butsomethingthatnooneknewbefore.Twoaspectsarebeautiful:thethingthatisdiscovered,andtheactofdiscovery.Galileo:“Iwouldratherdiscoverafact,evenasmallone,thandebatethegreatissuesatlengthwithoutdiscoveringanythingatall.”Mostexperimentsdon’twork(atleastnotashoped).Design
4、eachexperimentsothatifitfails(andthisistypicallyatechnicalratherthanabiologicalfailure)youcanlearnasmuchaspossible.Don’ttrytoseewhatyouwanttosee.Don’tfallinlovewithafavoritehypothesis.Learntodiplomaticallygiveandacceptcriticalinput.Therearebigpsychologicalhighsandlowsinscience.Onenaturallywonde
5、rswhetherthelowswillbefollowedbyhighs-hopefullytheywill.After30yearsinscience,IhaveseenenoughthatIknowthatlowswillbefollowedbyhighsandhighswillbefollowedbylows.Therefore,enjoyeverylittlevictory–awell-runSDSgel,aniceimmunofluorescentimage,etc.Mentaltoughness/endurance;scienceisamarathon,notaspri
6、nt.ThomasEdison’scomment:scienceis99%perspiration,1%inspiration.Edison’sresponseregardinghis3,000thfailuretofindthebestmaterialforalightbulbfilament:“Ihavesuccessfullyidentified3,000materialsthatwerenotgoodenough”.Keepapositiveattitude.Supporteachotheringoodtimesandtoughtimes.D.Importanceofread
7、ingwidely–eachpersonhasauniquefundofknowledgeandcanmakeauniquesetofconnections.ReadingtheMolecularProbes,NewEnglandBiolabs,orPiercecataloguesismorevaluablethanreadingthelatestissueofNature,inpartbecauseeveryoneelsereadsNature.Thed
