欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:40560195
大小:840.81 KB
页数:159页
时间:2019-08-04
《advice for a young investigator》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、ForewordSantiagoRamónyCajal(1852–1934)isoneofthemorefascinatingpersonalitiesinscience.AboveallhewasthemostimportantneuroanatomistsinceAndreasVesalius,theRenaissancefounderofmodernbiology.However,Cajalwasalsoathoughtfulandinspiredteacher,hemadeseverallastingcontributionstoSpanishliterature
2、(hisautobiogra-phy,apopularbookofaphorisms,andreºectionsonoldage),andhewroteoneoftheearlybooksonthetheoryandpracticeofcolorphotography.Furthermore,hewasanexceptionalartist,perhapsthebestevertodrawthecircuitsofthebrain,whichhecouldneverphotographtohissatisfaction.Inhisearlythirties,Cajalwr
3、oteandillustratedtheªrstoriginaltextbookofhistologyinSpain,whichremainedastandardthroughouthislifetime.Theªrstdraftofhisuniquebookofpractical,fatherlyadvicetoyoungpeopleintheearlystagesoftheirresearchcareerswasbegunsoonaftermovingtothechairofhistologyandpathologicalanat-omyattheUniversity
4、ofMadridaboutadecadelater—whenhealsowrotetheªrstmajorreviewofhisinvestigationswithCamilloGolgi’ssilverchromatemethod:1LSHORTNewIdeasontheStructureoftheNervousSystem(1894).REGULAR1LLONGJOB#525CAJALAdviceforaYoungInvestigatorFM01.CHPP.viiviiiForewordThissuccinctbookredeªnedhowbraincircuitsh
5、adbeendescribed.Init,Cajalpresentedhistologicalevidencethatthecentralnervoussystemisnotasyncytiumorreticulumofcellsascommonlybelievedatthetime.Instead,itconsistsofindividualneuronsthatusuallyconductinformationinjustonedirection.Theinformationoutputoftheneuronisdownasingleaxonanditsbranche
6、stoterminalboutonsthatendonorneartheinputsideofanotherneuron(itscellbodyanddendrites).Cajalhaddiscoveredthesynapseandwithfundamentalinsightwentontodescribetheorganiza-tionofallthemajorneuralsystemsintermsofchainsofindependentneuronsandtheconceptoffunctionalpolarity(unidirectionalinformati
7、onºowincircuits).Hewastheªrsttoexplaininmoderntermstheorganizationofreºexandvoluntarycontrolpathwaystothemotorsystem,andthisconceptualadvancewasthestructuralfoundationofSirCharlesSherrington’smodernphysiologicalexplanationofreºexesandtheircontrol.BythetimetheAdvicef
此文档下载收益归作者所有