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1、MajorbranchesofchemistryAnalyticalchemistryPhysicalchemistryOrganicchemistryInorganicchemistryBiochemistryThebodyofknowledgeaboutchemicalsandchemicalreactionsissovastthatforconveniencechemistshavedividedthestudyofchemistryintoseveralmajorbranches.1AnalyticalchemistryThestudyofwhattypesofeleme
2、ntsandcompoundsarepresentinasampleofmatter－calledqualitativeanalysis－andhowmuchofeachelementandcompoundispresentinasampleofmatter－calledquantitativeanalysis.(分析化学）研究物质样品中存在什么类型的元素和化合物--称为定性研究，和（研究）样品中存在的每种元素和化合物的含量--称为定量研究。2PhysicalchemistryThestudyofthescientificlawsandtheoriesthatattempttod
3、escribeandexplainthestructureofmatter,thechemicalbondsthatholdmattertogether,thechangesthatmatterundergoes,andenergyinvolvedinthesechanges.（物理化学）研究各种科学定律和理论以用来描述和解释物质的结构，将物质连接一起的化学键，物质进行的各种反应，和这些反应中所包含的能量。3OrganicchemistryThestudyofthepropertiesandreactionsofhydrocarbons,compoundsderivedfromh
4、ydrocarbonsthatcontainoneormoreotherelementssuchasoxygen,nitrogen,sulfur,phosphorus,andchlorine.（有机化学）研究烃和烃类衍生物的各种性质和反应，其中烃类衍生物含有一种或多种其他元素例如O、N、S、P、Cl等。4BiochemistryThestudyofthepropertiesandreactionsofcompoundsfoundinlivingorganismsandthosethatareimportanttolivingorganisms.（生物化学）研究生物体内存在的和对生
5、物体有重要作用的化合物的性质和反应。5Inorganic,organic,analytical,physicalchemistry,andbiochemistryarethemainbranchesofchemistry,butitispossibletocombineportionsofthem,ortoelaborateontheminmanyways.6Pharmaceuticalchemistryisconcernedwithdrugs:theirmanufacture,theircomposition,andtheireffectsuponthebody.Environ
6、mentalchemistry,ofcourse,dealswiththecompositionoftheatmosphereandthepurityofwatersupplies－essentially,withthechemistryofoursurroundings.Polymerchemistrydealswiththeformationandbehaviorofsuchsubstancesasrayon,nylon,andrubber.e.g.7TheperiodictableIn1869,Mendeleev(1834-1907)ofRussiapublishedper
7、iodicarrangementsoftheelements,whichwerearrangedinorderofincreasingatomicweights.Inthistabletheelementsarearrangedhorizontallyinnumericalsequence,accordingtotheiratomicnumbers;theresultissevenhorizontalperiods.8Verticalcolumnsofelementsarefor
