Chapter 3 Fluid Statics.ppt

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1、Chapter3FluidStatics第三章流体静力学3.1StaticPressureandCharacteristic3.2DifferentialEquationofFluidEquilibrium3.3BasicEquationofFluidStatics3.4MeasurementofStaticPressure3.5RelativeEquilibriumofLiquid3.6HydrostaticForcesonPlanesurfaces3.7HydrostaticForcesonCurvedsurfacesChapter3FluidStaticsOu

2、tlines1)DefinitionofStaticPressureThepressureatapointintheequilibriumfluidiscalledstaticpressure.Expressedas:-Areaoftheelement-totalpressureforceactingon2)CharacteristicsofStaticPressurei)DirectionofPressureVerticaltothecompressionsurfaceandpointintoit.ii)MagnitudeofPressureAtanypoint,p

3、ressureisindependentoforientation3.1StaticPressureandCharacteristicpypzpxxyzpn3.1StaticPressureandCharacteristicAtanypointinastaticfluid,pressureisindependentoforientation.Verification:Thepressurevaluesatanypointinastaticfluidarethesameinalldirections.pypzpxxyzpn3.1StaticPressureandChar

4、acteristic3.2DifferentialEquationofFluidEquilibriumConsideracubeinastaticfluidUnitbodyforcesarePressureatthecenterisp;dxdydz3.2DifferentialEquationofFluidEquilibriumdxdydzPressure:Bodyforce:dxdydzSimilarly,3.2DifferentialEquationofFluidEquilibrium(EulerEquilibriumDifferentialEquation)3.

5、2DifferentialEquationofFluidEquilibriumDifferentialPressureFormularectangularcoordinatesystemcylindricalcoordinatesystemTheEquipressureSurfaceConclusion:Themassforceisperpendiculartotheequalpressureplane.3.2DifferentialEquationofFluidEquilibriumSurfacesinfluidwithsamepressure.verticalto

6、bodyforceeverywhere,ingravityfielditisahorizontalplane.3.3.1TheEquipressuresurfaceofIncompressibleFluidg3.3BasicEquationofFluidStaticsConclusion:TheEquipressuresurfaceofincompressiblefluidinagravitationalfieldishorizontalBoundaryConditions:DifferentialPressureFormula3.3BasicEquationofFl

7、uidStatics3.3.2BasicEquationofFluidStaticsPressureatfreesurfacePressureduetoweightontopAnypointwiththesamedepthhunderfreesurfacehasthesamepressure.Equipressuresurface（等压面）Freesurfaceisanequipressuresurface3.3BasicEquationofFluidStaticsIncompressiblefluid3.3BasicEquationofFluidS