资源描述：
《Fluid Mechanics (BRUCE R. MUNSON) Chapter7 Similitude, Dimensional Analysis, and Modeling》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、7708d_c07_384*7/23/0110:00AMPage384FlowpastacircularcylinderwithRe2000:Thepathlinesofflowpastanycircularcylinder1regardlessofsize,velocity,orfluid2areasshownprovidedthatthedimensionlessparametercalledtheReynoldsnumber,Re,isequalto2000.ForothervaluesofRe,theflowpatternwill
2、bedifferent1airbubblesinwater2.1PhotographcourtesyofONERA,France.27708d_c07_384*7/23/0110:00AMPage3857Similitude,DimensionalAnalysis,andModelingAlthoughmanypracticalengineeringproblemsinvolvingfluidmechanicscanbesolvedbyusingtheequationsandanalyticalproceduresdescribedinth
3、eprecedingchapters,therere-mainalargenumberofproblemsthatrelyonexperimentallyobtaineddatafortheirsolu-tion.Infact,itisprobablyfairtosaythatveryfewproblemsinvolvingrealfluidscanbeExperimentationsolvedbyanalysisalone.Thesolutiontomanyproblemsisachievedthroughtheuseofaandmode
4、lingarecombinationofanalysisandexperimentaldata.Thus,engineersworkingonfluidmechanicswidelyusedtech-problemsshouldbefamiliarwiththeexperimentalapproachtotheseproblemssothattheyniquesinfluidcaninterpretandmakeuseofdataobtainedbyothers,suchasmightappearinhandbooks,mechanics.
5、orbeabletoplanandexecutethenecessaryexperimentsintheirownlaboratories.Inthischapterweconsidersometechniquesandideasthatareimportantintheplanningandexe-cutionofexperiments,aswellasinunderstandingandcorrelatingdatathatmayhavebeenobtainedbyotherexperimenters.Anobviousgoalofan
6、yexperimentistomaketheresultsaswidelyapplicableaspos-sible.Toachievethisend,theconceptofsimilitudeisoftenusedsothatmeasurementsmadeononesystem1forexample,inthelaboratory2canbeusedtodescribethebehaviorofothersimilarsystems1outsidethelaboratory2.Thelaboratorysystemsareusuall
7、ythoughtofasmodelsandareusedtostudythephenomenonofinterestundercarefullycontrolledcondi-tions.Fromthesemodelstudies,empiricalformulationscanbedeveloped,orspecificpre-dictionsofoneormorecharacteristicsofsomeothersimilarsystemcanbemade.Todothis,itisnecessarytoestablishtherel
8、ationshipbetweenthelaboratorymodelandthe“other”sys-tem.Inthefollowingsections,wefindoutho
