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1、AnEssayonLiberationBYHERBERTMARCUSEBEACONPRESS:BOSTONBeaconPress25BeaconStreetBoston,Massachusetts02108-2892www.beacon.orgBeaconPressbooksarepublishedundertheauspicesoftheUnitarianUniversalistAssociationofCongregations.1969byHerbertMarcuseAllrightsreservedFirstdi
2、gital-printedition2000LibraryofCongresscatalogcardnumber:69-15591InternationalStandardBookNumber:0-8070-0595-9AcknowledgmentsTHANKSAGAINtomyfriendswhoreadthemanuscriptandwhosecommentsandcriticismIheededthroughout:espe-ciallyLeoLowenthal(UniversityofCaliforniaatBe
3、rke-ley),ArnoJ.Mayer(PrincetonUniversity).andBarringtonMoore,Jr.(HarvardUniversity).Mywifediscussedwithmeeverypartandproblemofthemanuscript.Withouthercooperation,thisessaywouldhaveappearedmuchsooner.Iamgratefultoherthatitdidn't.PrefaceTHEGROWINGOPPOSITIONtotheglo
4、baldominionofcor-poratecapitalismisconfrontedbythesustainedpowerofthisdominion:itseconomicandmilitaryholdinthefourcontinents,itsneocolonialempire,and,mostimportant,itsunshakencapacitytosubjectthemajorityoftheunderlyingpopulationtoitsoverwhelmingproductivityandfor
5、ce.Thisglobalpowerkeepsthesocialistorbitonthedefensive,alltoocostlynotonlyintermsofmilitaryexpendituresbutalsointheperpetuationofarepressivebureaucracy.Thede-velopmentofsocialismthuscontinuestobedeflectedfromitsoriginalgoals,andthecompetitivecoexistencewiththeWes
6、tgeneratesvaluesandaspirationsforwhichtheAmeri-canstandardoflivingservesasamodel.Now,however,thisthreateninghomogeneityhasbeenlooseningup,andanalternativeisbeginningtobreakintotherepressivecontinuum.Thisalternativeisnotsomuchadifferentroadtosocialismasanemergence
7、ofdifferentgoalsandvalues,differentaspirationsinthemenandwomenwhoresistanddenythemassiveexploitativepowerofcorporatecapitalismeveninitsmostcomfortableandliberalrealizations.TheGreatRefusaltakesavarietyofforms.viiiPrefaceInVietnam,inCuba,inChina,arevolutionisbeing
8、de-fendedanddrivenforwardwhichstrugglestoeschewthebureaucraticadministrationofsocialism.TheguerrillaforcesinLatinAmericaseemtobeanimatedbythatsamesubversiveimp
