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1、祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句号,读降调。1.肯定的祈使句(1)动词原形+其他Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.请起立。(2)Be+n./adj.Beagoodboy!要做一个好孩子!Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/当心!(3)Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。Let’sgotoschooltogether.咱们一起上学去吧。2.否定的祈使句(
2、1)Don't+动词原形Don'tstandup.别站起来。Don'tbecareless.别粗心。Don'tletthemplaywithfire.别让他们玩火。(2)Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”。Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。Letthemnotplaywithfire.别让他们玩火。(3)no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!Nofishing!禁止钓鱼!
3、3.祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点:1)形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致;No与won’t保持一致)2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思;No是“是”的意思)。在回答时,要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。如:---Don’tgoout,please.It’srainingheavilyoutside.请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。----Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherat
4、theairport.不行,我得去机场接我弟弟。4.祈使句的反意疑问句(1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用willyou或won'tyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/won’tyou?请把门打开,好吗?(2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用willyou。Don'tbelateagain,willyou?别再迟到了,行不行?(3)以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shallwe。Let'sturnontheTV,shallwe?我们把电视打开,好吗?<特别注意>只有以let'
5、s开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shallwe,而letus开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为willyou或won'tyou.如:Letusstayhere,will/won'tyou?请(你)让我们留在这好吗?练习题一.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.It’sanimportantmeeting._________________(not,be)late.12.________________(not,make)anynoise!Yourmotherissleeping.3._______
6、_________(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffoodand_________(be)polite.4.________________(not,talk)and____________(read)aloud.5._______________(not,leave)yourhomeworkfortomorrow,Larry.6.________________(look)out!Acariscoming.7._______________(give)ustenyearsandj
7、ustseewhatourcountrywillbelike.8.________________(not,let)thebabycry.9.Wearmoreclothesoryou____________(catch)acold.10.Let’s_______________(not,say)anythingaboutit.二、句型转换1.Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?(改为祈使句)_______________againmoreslowly,please.2.Ify
8、oudon'tlistentome,I'llgo.(改为同义句)________________me,orI’llgo.3.Let'swatchthesportsgames.(改为反意疑问句)Let'swatchthesportsgames,____________?4.Theteachersoftentellthestudentsnottobecareless.(改为祈使句)___________