语言学补充习题

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1、LanguageandLinguistics1.TheimportantdistinctioninlinguisticsproposedbyChomskyis_____.A.SynchronicanddiachronicB.LangueandparoleC.SignifierandsignifiedD.Competenceandperformance2.AccordingtoSaussure,_______referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemem

2、bersofaspeechcommunity.A.paroleB.performanceC.langueD.language3.Theterm_________linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeoverthevariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.A.synchronicB.diachronicC.comparativeD.his

3、toricalcomparative4.Languageis____inthesensethatthereisnointrinsicconnectionbetweenawordandtheobjectitrefersto.A.systematicB.symbolicC.arbitraryD.ambiguous5.Whatfunctionaremostimperativesentencesassociatedwith?A.InformativeB.InterrogativeC.PhaticD.Directive

4、6.Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreecentigrade.”is_________A.interrogativeB.directiveC.informativeD.performative6.Everydaywesendmessagesthathaveneverbeensentandunderstandnovelmessages;inthissense,ourlanguageis____.A.productiveB.interchangeableC.

5、geneticallytransmittedD.rule-governed1.Languagecanrefertocontextsremovedfromtheimmediatesituationsofthespeaker.Thisiswhatwemeanby_____.A.culturaltransmissionB.displacementC.dualityD.productivity2.Bydualitywemeanthatlanguagehastwosetsofstructures,oneof______

6、_andtheotherof______.A.surfacestructure,deepstructureB.phonemes,morphemesC.sounds,meaningsD.production,reception3.AccordingtoChomsky,________istheidealuser’sinternalizedknowledgeofhislanguage.A.competenceB.paroleC.performanceD.langue4.Generallinguisticsisth

7、escientificstudyof_________.A.languageofacertainindividualB.theGermanlanguageC.humanlanguagesingeneralD.thesystemofaparticularlanguagePhoneticsandPhonology5.Thestudyofhowsoundsareputtogetherareusedtoconveymeaningincommunicationis_________.A.morphologyB.gene

8、rallinguisticsC.phonologyD.phonetics1.A(n)______isaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue.Itisanabstractunit,acollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.A.phoneB.soundC.allophoneD.phoneme2./m,n/are________.A.fricat