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1、LESSON1NUTRITIONWhatweeataswellashowmuchweeatdetermineournutritionstatustoanimportantextent,andinfluencedbyadiversityofexternalandinternalfactors・Thepersonwhowantstofinetheanswertothequestion11whatshouldIeatforgoodnutrition?”,mighteasilybecomelostinthemazeofinfonnati
2、onalcorridors,confusedbythewealthoftechnicalinformationprovidedbyscientistsormisleadbysimplisticanswersprovidedbythosewithproductstosell.Somewhereinbetweenissomereasonable,commonsenseinformationthatwecanusetoguideusourquestforsoundnutritionknowledgeoTobegin,weneedtol
3、eamsomedefinitionsofcommonlyusednutritiontermsandfindoutwhatsortsofguidelinesareavailabletohelpusmeasurethequalityofourdietsandtodevelophealthfuleatingpatterns・NUTRITIONANDFOOD:DEFINITIONSThewordnutritionisoftenpairedwiththewordfoodbecausethetwogotogether.Theyareinte
4、rdependent,butnotinterchangeable・Foodmightbedefinedasanyediblesubstancethatprovidesnourishmentwhenconsumed.Itismadeupofmanynaturalingredientsallchemicalsthathavedifferentfunctionssuchasprovidingodor,flavor,color,andnourishment.Theingredientsthatgiveusnourishmentareca
5、llednutrients.Thesenutrientsarecategorizedasfats,proteinscarbohydrates(sugarsandstarches),minerals,vitamins,andwater.Theyarecalledessentialnutrientsbecausewecannotgetalongwithoutthem.Weneedthemforenergy,forbuildingandmaintainingbodytissue;andforregulatingbodyprocesse
6、sthethreeessentialfunctionsoffoodsinthebody・Nutritionmightbedefinedastheprocesswherebyweobtaintheessentialnutrientsandusethemtomakemanyothersubstancesourbodiesneed,thisprocesswouldincludeeatinganddigestingfoodandabsorbingandusing,ormetabolizing,thenutrientsitcontains
7、.Wecanobtainalloftheessentialnutrientsfromfood・Howeveritispossibletoobtainnourishmentwithouteatinganddigestingfood-if,forexample,thenutrientsareinjecteddirectlytoourveinsasinintravenousfeeding.Thus,itisthenutrientsthatareessentialandthefoodthatnormallyprovidesthem・Si
8、ncefoodisvital,weneedtoknowthenutritivecontentoffoods,whichonesarethebestsourcesofthevariousnutrientsandhowtocombinethemintoahealth