史诗Epic学习材料

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1、AnIntroductiontotheEpic1.Questions:1・Whatisanepic?DowehaveepicsintheChineselanguage?2.Whatarcthecharacteristicsandconventionsoftheepic?3.GiveabriefaccountofthefamousEnglishepicsplease.2.AbriefIntroductiontotheEpicAnepic(fromGreek:hogorsttikouword,story,poem")isalengthynarrativepoeminelevate

2、dstature,ordinarilyconcerningaserioussubjectcontainingdetailsofheroicdeedsandeventssignificanttoacultureornation.1Anepicoftenpresentscharactersofhighpositioninadventuresforminganorganicwholethroughtheirrelationtoacentralheroicfigureandthroughtheirdevelopmentofepisodesimportanttothehistoryof

3、anationorrace・Oralpoetrymayqualifyasanepic,andcriticshavearguedthatclassicalepicswerefundamentallyanoralpoeticfbrm.Nonetheless,epicshavebeenwrittendownatleastsinceHomer,andtheworksofVirgil,DanteAlighieriandJohnMiltonwouldbeunlikelytohavesurvivedwithoutbeingwrittendown・Thefirstepicsareknowna

4、sprimary,ororiginal,epics・EpicsthatattempttoimitatetheselikeVirgil'sAeneidandMilton'sParadiseLostareknownasliterary,orsecondary,epics.The"traditionalepics"(alsocalled"primaryepics"or"folkepics”)wereshapedbyaliteraryartistfromhistoricalandlegendarymaterialswhichhaddevelopedintheoraltradition

5、sofhisnationduringaperiodofexpansionandwarfare・TothisgroupareascribedtheIliadandOdysseyoftheGreekHomer,andtheAnglo-SaxonepicBeowulf.The"literary^or"secondary^epicswerecomposedbysophisticatedcraftsmenindeliberateimitationofthetraditionalfbnn.OfthiskindisVirgifsLatinpoemtheAeneid.whichlaterse

6、rvedasthechiefmodelforMilton'sliteraryepicParadiseLost;andParadiseLostinturnbecameamodelforKeat'sfragmentaryepicHyperion,aswellasforBlake'sseveralepics,or"propheticbooks^(TheFourZoas,Milton.Jerusalem)whichundertooktotranslateintoBlake'sownmythictermsthebiblicaldesignandmaterialswhichhadserv

7、edasMilton'ssubjectmatter.Anothertypeofepicpoetryisepyllion(plural:epyllia)whichisabriefnarrativepoemwitharomanticormythologicaltheme.Theterm,whichmeanslittleepic；cameinuseinthenineteenthcentuiy.Itrefersprimarilytothetypeoferoticandmythologicallongelegyo