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《【文档】Basic First Aid Unit 5（英语人教必修五）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、BasicFirstAidAccidentshappenanywhereandanytime.Thefirstresponsetoanaccidentisthemostimportant.Oftentimes,firstaidgivenatthescenecanimprovethevictim’schancesofsurvivalandagoodrecovery.Therightresponseisbetterthananincorrectquickone.Anyresponse,evenifitiswrong,isbetterthannoneatall.Unconsc
2、iousVictimIfthevictimisunconscious,performrescuebreathing.(Rescuebreathingisexplainedlateroninthissection.)Ifthevictim’shearthasstoppedbeating,performresuscitation(CPR)ifyouhavebeenproperlytrainedtodoso.ShockShockusuallyaccompaniessevereinjuryoremotionalupset.Thesignsarecoldandclammyskin
3、,paleface,chills,confusion,frequentnauseaorvomitingandshallowbreathing.Untilemergencyhelparrives,havethevictimliedownwiththelegselevated.Keepthevictimcoveredtopreventchillingorlossofbodyheat.Givenon-alcoholicfluidsifthevictimisabletoswallowandhasnotsustainedanabdominalinjury.BleedingUnti
4、lemergencyhelparrives,trytocontrolbleeding.Ifpossible,firstputonrubberorlatexglovesbeforetouchingblood.Ifthesearenotavailable,acleanplasticbagcanbeusedtocoveryourhands.Itisimportantnottocomeincontactwithbloodbecauseofthehealthrisks.Iffingerorhandpressureisinadequatetocontrolbleeding,plac
5、eathickpadofcleanclothorbandagedirectlyoverthewound,andholdinplacewithabelt,bandage,necktiesorclothstrips.Takecarenottostopthecirculationtotherestofthelimb.Forinjurieswhereatiecannotbeused,suchastothegroin,back,chest,headandneck,placeathickpadofcleanclothorbandagedirectlyoverthewoundandc
6、ontrolthebleedingwithfingerorhandpressure.Ifbonesarenotbroken,raisethebleedingparthigherthantherestofthebody.Iftheinjuryisextensive,thevictimmaygointoshockandshouldbetreatedforit.Asalastresort,atourniquetcanbeappliedtostopbleeding.Thereisariskofsacrificingalimbtosavealife.Atourniquetisaw
7、idebandofclothorothermaterialtightlyplacedjustabovethewoundtostopallflowofblood.Atourniquetcrushesthetissueandcancausepermanentdamagetonervesandbloodvessels.Onceinplace,atourniquetmustbeleftthereuntilaphysicianremovesit.Thevictimmustbetakentomedicalhelpassoonaspossible.Bu
