2018秋高中英语unit1greatscientists同步练习新人教版必修5

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1、Unit1Greatscientists话题诵读日积月累［导语］霍乱是霍乱弧菌(Vibriocholera)引起的急性肠道传染病，具有发病急、传播快、波及面广的特点，是当今三种国际检疫传染病中的一种。CholeraCholeraisawater-bornediseasethatisspreadthroughpollutedwaterandfood・Itisan订InesscausedbythebacteriumcalledVibriocholera-Itproducesanenterotoxin(肠毒素)thatcausespainless,

2、waterydiarrheathatcanquicklyleadtoseveredehydration(脱水)anddeathiftreatmontisnotgiven.Mostpeopleinfectedwithcholeradonotbecomeill,althoughthebacteriumispresentintheirwastesfor7—14days.Whencholeradoeshappen,morethan90%ofcasesarenotsevereandaredifficulttotellfromothertypesofdi

3、arrhea.Lessthan10%ofillpeopledevelopcholerawithsignsofmoderateorseveredehydration.Apersonmaygetcholerabydrinkingwateroreatingfoodpollutedwiththecholerabacterium・Thediseasecanspreadrapidlyinareaswithoutpropertreatmentofdrinkingwater.Thecholerabacteriummayalso1iveintheenviron

4、mentindirtyriversandcoastalwaters.Shellfisheatenrawcanbeasourceofcholera.Therefore,thediseaseisnotlikelytospreaddirectlyfromonepersontoanother・Choleracanbesimplyandsuccessfullytreatedbyimmediatereplacementofthefluidandsaltlostthroughdiarrhea.Patientscanbetreatedbybeinggiven

5、amixtureofsugarandsalttobemixedwithwateranddrunkinlargeamounts.Peoplewhodevelopseverediarrheaincountrieswherecholerabreaksoutshouldseekmedicalattentionatonce.Tnaword,toavoidcholera,weshoulddevelopagoodhabit.Weshouldeatwel1-cookedfoodinsteadofrawfood.［词海拾贝］1.bacteriumn.细菌2.c

6、oastal白2/.临海的；沿海的3.fluidn.液体adj.液体的4.mixturen.混合；混杂5.seek【吃寻找，探寻；追求［问题思考］True(T)orFalse(F):1.Drinkingmuchwaterwithsugarandsaltisuselessinthetreatmentofcholera.()1.Inordertoavoidcholera,we'dbettereatcookedshellfish・（）答案：l.F2.T自主预习步步提高词汇识记I•为单词选择正确的释义1.suspectA.向••…•挑战2.chail

7、cngeB.宣布;通告3.concludeC.责备;谴责4.blameD.认为;怀疑5.announceE.结束；推断出6-exposeF.暴露；揭露；使曝光7-contributeG.小心的；谨慎的8.cautiousH.捐献；贡献答案：l.D2.A3.E4.C5.B6.F7.II8.GII•根据所给汉语提示写出单词1.n.特征；特性2.吐打败；战胜；使受挫S）失败3.刀.治愈；痊愈（几）治愈；治疗4.吐吸收；吸引；使专心5.预见；预知答案:1.characteristic2.defeat3.cure4.absorb5・foreseeIII

8、.根据英语释义写出单词1.2.proof:tobepresentatanevent:tohaveanideathatsomethingisbadbutwithout