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1、高考英语阅读理解专项训练说理议论类(一) Feelingblueabouttheworld?“Cheerup.”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.” Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe'scarefullyweighedtheevidence;op
2、timistic,becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe'ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbook,TheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat,onthewhole,hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.Hebackshisfinding
3、swithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch. Here'showheexplainshisviews. 1)Shoppingfuelsinvention ItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty,ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutrit
4、iousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,bettercars,and,ofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe'llbe. 2)Brilliantadvances Onereasonwearericher,hea
5、lthier,taller,cleverer,longer??livedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrown alotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleproviding onehour'slightcostsixhours'work. Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopa
6、yfor. In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit'shalfsecond. 3)Let'snotkillourselvesforclimatechange Mitigating(减轻)climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself. Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossil??fuel(化石燃料)electricityisforbi
7、ddenbywell??meaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimatechangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanose??bleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血带)aro
8、undournecks. 1.WhatisthethemeofRidley'smostrecentbook? A.Weaknessofhumannature. B.Concernaboutclimatechan
