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1、话题六：说理议论类(一)Feelingblueabouttheworld?“Cheerup.”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe'scarefullyweighedtheevi
2、dence;optimistic,becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe'ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbook,TheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat,onthewhole,hasdonelittlebutprogressfor10
3、0,000years.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.Here'showheexplainshisviews.1)ShoppingfuelsinventionItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpov
4、erty,ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,bettercars,and,ofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebe
5、tteroffwe'llbe.2)BrilliantadvancesOnereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longerlivedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour'slightco
6、stsixhours'work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit'shalfsecond.3)Let'snotkillourselvesforclimatechangeMitigating(减轻)climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Ac
7、hildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossilfuel(化石燃料)electricityisforbiddenbywellmeaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimatechangeprovestobemil
8、d,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanosebleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血带)aroundournecks.1.WhatisthethemeofRidley'smostrecentbook?A.Weaknessofhumannature.B.Concernaboutclimatechange.C.Importanceofpracticalthinking.D.Optimismab
