关于英美文学重点名词解释汇总

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1、AmericanPuritanismPuritanismisthepracticesandbeliefsofthePuritans.ThePuritanswereoriginallymembersofadivisionoftheProtestantChurch,whocameintoexistenceinthereignsQueenElizabethandKingJamesⅠ.ThefirstsettlerswhobecamethefoundingfathersoftheAmericannationwerequiteafewofthemPurita

2、ns.CharacteristicsofLocalColor1.Settingsarefrequentlyremoteandinaccessible2.Charactersmaybecomecharactertypes,sometimesquaintorstereotypical.3.Thenarratoristypicallyaneducatedobserverfromtheworldbeyond4.Storiesmayrevolvearoundthecommunityanditsrituals.5.Anantipathytochangeanda

3、nostalgiaforanalways-pastgoldenageDarwinismSocialDarwinismisabeliefthatsocietiesandindividualhumanbeingscompeteinastruggleforexistenceinwhichnaturalselectionresultsin“struggleofthefittest.”SocialDarwinistsbasetheirbeliefsontheoriesofevolutiondevelopedbyBritishnaturalistCharles

4、Darwin.SocialDarwiniststypicallydenythattheyadvocatea“lawofjungle.”Butmostproposeargumentsthatjustifyimbalancesofpowerbetweenindividuals,races,andnations,becausetheyconsidersomemorefittosurvivethanothers.ThetheoryhadproducedabigimpactonNaturalism.EmersonianTranscendentalismEme

5、rsonianTranscendentalismisactuallyaphilosophicalschoolwhichabsorbedsomeideologicalconcernsofAmericanPuritanismandEuropeanRomanticism,withitsfocusontheintuitiveknowledgeofhumanbeingstograsptheabsoluteintheuniverseandthedivinityofman.Inhisessays,Emersonputforwardhisphilosophyoft

6、heover-soul,theimportanceoftheIndividual,andNature.ExpressionismExpressionismisusedtodescribetheworksofartandliteratureinwhichtherepresentationofrealityisdistortedtocommunicateaninnervision,transformingnatureratherthanimitatingit.Inliteratureitisoftenconsideredarevoltagainstre

7、alismandnaturalism,aseekingtoachieveapsychologicalorspiritualrealityratherthantorecordexternalevents.Hawthorne'sviewofPuritanism:Hawthorne'sviewofmanandhumanhistoryoriginates,toagreatextent,inPuritanism.HewasnotaPuritanhimself,buthehadPuritanancestorswhoplayedanimportantrolein

8、hislifeandworks.Hebelievedthat"thewrongdoingofonegenerationli